Doctrinal continuity and adaptation
Territorial integrity, non-intervention, human rights, representation, cyber sovereignty, and Taiwan.
Sovereignty remains the most durable organizing principle in China's international legal rhetoric, but its applications now reach far beyond classic territorial disputes into cyberspace, sanctions, human rights, and transnational adjudication.
台湾问题与新时代中国统一事业
Recent PRC white paper on Taiwan policy and reunification.
Shows updated official framing of sovereignty, national rejuvenation, and peaceful reunification.
State Council Information Office, 'The Taiwan Question and China's Reunification in the New Era' (10 August 2022).
反分裂国家法
PRC legislation concerning Taiwan, peaceful reunification, and conditions for non-peaceful means.
Key text for linking sovereignty claims with PRC positions on force and domestic legal authorization.
Anti-Secession Law of the People's Republic of China (adopted 14 March 2005).
网络空间国际合作战略
Policy document advancing cyber sovereignty and international cooperation.
Useful for studying the extension of sovereignty discourse into digital governance.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'International Strategy of Cooperation on Cyberspace' (1 March 2017).
Canonical General Assembly declaration on sovereign equality, non-intervention, and force.
Frequently invoked in debates over China's doctrinal commitments.
UNGA Res 2625 (XXV) (24 October 1970).
ICJ advisory opinion on unilateral declarations of independence.
Useful comparison point for PRC positions on territorial integrity and secession.
Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo, Advisory Opinion, ICJ Reports 2010.
Postwar legal order baseline for force, sovereignty, and collective security.
China's representation in universal institutions shifts to the PRC.
Maritime legal order becomes central to later Chinese practice.
The Macau SAR constitutional framework is adopted before the 1999 handover.
One country, two systems becomes a major sovereignty and legal-order issue.
Macau becomes the second SAR governed under one country, two systems.
Phil C W Chan, 'China, State Sovereignty and International Legal Order' (2015).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.Ann Kent, 'China, the United Nations, and Human Rights' (1999).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.Rosemary Foot, 'Rights Beyond Borders' (2000).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.