Books, articles, edited volumes, reports, and portals.
Bibliography
Scholarship, books, reports, and research tools.
This research surface is organized by theme rather than by one long stream. It combines legal scholarship, international relations work, and policy analysis on China, international law, and international order.
Journal articles, books, and research chapters.
Think tank work, policy analysis, and research portals.
Recent additions
Newer entries across the collection
The newest scholarship and reports are surfaced first here before being encountered again in their thematic sections below.
China's Pivot on Global AI
Arindrajit Basu - China's Pivot on Global AI - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - 2026
Recent analysis of China's AI diplomacy and global governance agenda.
China's data export regime: an evolutionary trajectory and its practical challenges
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Traces China's outbound data transfer regime through security assessment, standard contracts, certification, and free-trade-zone negative lists, emphasizing legal certainty and interoperability challenges.
Establishing Democracy in Foreign Direct Investment: Opportunities and Limitations of Integrating the Principle of Public Participation in the CAI
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Assesses how public participation, transparency, sustainable development, and amicus mechanisms in the EU-China CAI could affect legitimacy in investment governance.
Institutional layering as (counter-)hegemonic strategy: unpacking China's global development initiative
Jack Taggart Han Cheng and Sebastian Haug - Institutional layering as (counter-)hegemonic strategy - Review of International Political Economy - 2026
Article on the Global Development Initiative as layered order-building within UN-centered frameworks.
China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order in a Multiplex World
Dimitrios Stroikos - China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order - International Affairs - 2026
Article on China Global South cooperation and space as a functional sub-order.
The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - AI Technology Transfer and Technological Advancement in the Global South
Yiyi Chen Zikang Chen and Na Yang - The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - International Affairs - 2026
Article comparing AI technology transfer models and digital sovereignty choices in the Global South.
The return of the states: constitutional dilemmas of state measures to defend national and state security
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Analyzes U.S. state-level measures responding to China-related security concerns and the constitutional boundary between state power and federal foreign affairs authority.
China Anti-hegemonism and the Scope for International Law to Facilitate Peaceful Power Transitions
Shirley V Scott - China Anti-hegemonism and the Scope for International Law to Facilitate Peaceful Power Transitions - AJIL - 2026
Review essay on anti-hegemonism and international law during power transitions.
Empire of the Stars-Not Yet - China as a Partial Great Power in Space
Dimitrios Stroikos - Empire of the Stars-Not Yet - The Pacific Review - 2026
Article distinguishing material capability from social authority in space order.
International Law as a Driver of Confrontation? UNCLOS and China's Policy in the South China Sea
European Journal of International Law / 2026
Shows how China's internalization of UNCLOS concepts helped create incentives for later maritime rights assertion and confrontation in the South China Sea.
The Taiwan Constitutional Court's Evolving Engagement with International Law
Asian Journal of International Law / 2026
Develops a typology for Taiwan Constitutional Court citations to international law and shows movement toward deeper rights-based engagement.
Lender of last resort in China: operating mechanism, legal foundation, and the financial stability implications
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Examines the People's Bank of China's lender-of-last-resort role, legal authority, information asymmetries, moral hazard, and reforms for financial stability.
Topic section
Theory and International Order
151 items · 119 scholarship items · 32 reports and policy sources
China's Pivot on Global AI
Arindrajit Basu - China's Pivot on Global AI - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - 2026
Recent analysis of China's AI diplomacy and global governance agenda.
Establishing Democracy in Foreign Direct Investment: Opportunities and Limitations of Integrating the Principle of Public Participation in the CAI
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Assesses how public participation, transparency, sustainable development, and amicus mechanisms in the EU-China CAI could affect legitimacy in investment governance.
Institutional layering as (counter-)hegemonic strategy: unpacking China's global development initiative
Jack Taggart Han Cheng and Sebastian Haug - Institutional layering as (counter-)hegemonic strategy - Review of International Political Economy - 2026
Article on the Global Development Initiative as layered order-building within UN-centered frameworks.
China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order in a Multiplex World
Dimitrios Stroikos - China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order - International Affairs - 2026
Article on China Global South cooperation and space as a functional sub-order.
The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - AI Technology Transfer and Technological Advancement in the Global South
Yiyi Chen Zikang Chen and Na Yang - The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - International Affairs - 2026
Article comparing AI technology transfer models and digital sovereignty choices in the Global South.
China Anti-hegemonism and the Scope for International Law to Facilitate Peaceful Power Transitions
Shirley V Scott - China Anti-hegemonism and the Scope for International Law to Facilitate Peaceful Power Transitions - AJIL - 2026
Review essay on anti-hegemonism and international law during power transitions.
Empire of the Stars-Not Yet - China as a Partial Great Power in Space
Dimitrios Stroikos - Empire of the Stars-Not Yet - The Pacific Review - 2026
Article distinguishing material capability from social authority in space order.
International Law as a Driver of Confrontation? UNCLOS and China's Policy in the South China Sea
European Journal of International Law / 2026
Shows how China's internalization of UNCLOS concepts helped create incentives for later maritime rights assertion and confrontation in the South China Sea.
Lender of last resort in China: operating mechanism, legal foundation, and the financial stability implications
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Examines the People's Bank of China's lender-of-last-resort role, legal authority, information asymmetries, moral hazard, and reforms for financial stability.
Observing the State's Role in Property Law: A Chinese Perspective
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Uses Chinese property law to analyze the state as gatekeeper, enabler, coordinator, and regulator within private-law institutions.
Investment Dispute Resolution in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Institutional Design and Procedural Coordination
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Proposes a multi-tiered SCO investment dispute mechanism combining consultation, mediation, quasi-judicial procedures, and enforcement coordination.
Economic Rationality in PRC Tax Administrative Adjudication: an Analysis Based on a Utility Function
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Uses a utility-function model and tax case data to explain when Chinese courts defer and when they apply stricter scrutiny in tax disputes.
Advancing Decent Work through China's Belt and Road Initiative
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Examines public and private international law pathways for embedding decent-work norms and labour governance within BRI structures.
Obligation of Human Rights Due Diligence in the Unilateral Sanctions Environment
Alena F Douhan - Obligation of Human Rights Due Diligence in the Unilateral Sanctions Environment - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2025
Article on human rights due diligence in unilateral sanctions settings.
Beyond Multilateralism - China's International Order Building Through Transnational Policy Forums
Matthew D Stephen - Beyond Multilateralism - The Pacific Review - 2025
Article on informal transnational policy forums as Chinese order-building tools.
Strengthening Legal Standards for Workforce Rights in China's Airline Industry
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2025
Reviews Chinese aviation labour disputes and argues for standalone aviation labour law to address gaps between safety regulation and workers' rights.
China's Foreign Police Training: A Global Footprint
Sheena Chestnut Greitens Isaac B Kardon and Cameron Waltz - China's Foreign Police Training: A Global Footprint - Carnegie Endowment - 2025
Data-rich report on China's worldwide police and internal security training programs.
China and international justice: a research agenda
Tadhg O Laoghaire - China and international justice: a research agenda - Ethics and International Affairs - 2025
Review article on how China's rise raises questions for theories of international justice and global order.
Defamation Law in Greater China: Principles, Politics, and Prospects
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Compares defamation law across mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, focusing on reputation, speech, convergence, divergence, and politicization.
From Asian-African Solidarity to a Community of Common Destiny - An Evolving Chinese Perspective of the International Legal Order
Bing Bing Jia - From Asian-African Solidarity to a Community of Common Destiny - AJIL Unbound - 2025
Essay linking Bandung principles to Chinese perspectives on international legal order.
China Unbounded: Extraterritoriality, Nationality, and the Late Qing's Engagement with International Law
Journal of the History of International Law / 2025
Reframes late Qing extraterritoriality and nationality law as active adaptation of international law to protect Chinese nationals abroad.
The Old Logic Behind China's New Economic Weapons
Viking Bohman Audrye Wong and Victor A Ferguson - The Old Logic Behind China's New Economic Weapons - The Washington Quarterly - 2025
Article on formal and informal sanctions tools in current Chinese economic coercion.
A New World Cop on the Beat - China's Internal Security Outreach Under the Global Security Initiative
Sheena Chestnut Greitens Isaac B Kardon and Cameron Waltz - A New World Cop on the Beat - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - 2025
Report mapping China's nonmilitary security diplomacy and internal-security outreach.
The Environmental Diplomacy of the Belt and Road Initiative: Going Green to Meet External Expectations
Paulo Afonso B Duarte and others - The Environmental Diplomacy of the Belt and Road Initiative - Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences - 2025
Article on the Green Silk Road as a role-adjustment strategy for China under external pressure.
How Some of China's Top AI Thinkers Built Their Own AI Safety Institute
Scott Singer Karson Elmgren and Oliver Guest - How Some of China's Top AI Thinkers Built Their Own AI Safety Institute - Carnegie Endowment - 2025
Report on the emergence of China's AI Safety and Development Association and its role in global AI governance.
The Purpose and Promise of China's International Organization for Mediation
Brookings Institution - The purpose and promise of China's International Organization for Mediation - 2025
Analysis of China's new mediation organization and its possible role.
Chronology of Practice: Chinese Practice in Public International Law in 2022
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Surveys Chinese public international law practice in 2022 across treaties, legislation, official statements, international organizations, and judicial decisions.
The Fraudulent UN Resolution 2758 and the Courage to Recognize Taiwan
Hudson Institute - The Fraudulent UN Resolution 2758 and the Courage to Recognize Taiwan - 2025
Commentary challenging PRC interpretations of UN General Assembly Resolution 2758.
Multilateralism a la carte: how China navigates global economic institutions
Eugenia C Heldt Henning Schmidtke and Omar Serrano Oswald - Multilateralism a la carte - Review of International Political Economy - 2025
Article proposing a framework for China's selective engagement with global economic institutions.
China's Foreign-Related Rule of Law: The Evolution of an Idea
Hague Journal on the Rule of Law / 2025
Traces the emergence and evolution of China's foreign-related rule of law as a strategic legal and governance concept.
Normative Contestation in the International Order
Kal Raustiala - Normative Contestation in the International Order - International Law Studies - 2025
Essay on whether China is remaking global governance.
Challenging the status quo-revisionist power dichotomy: China and the United States in the trade regime
Kristen Hopewell - Challenging the status quo-revisionist power dichotomy - Review of International Political Economy - 2025
Article arguing that WTO conflicts show the limits of the status-quo versus revisionist dichotomy for US-China order debates.
Convergence between and among the Chinese, the EU and Kazakhstan Approaches towards Personal Data Protection against the AI in the Digital Sphere
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Compares China, the EU, and Kazakhstan on AI-related personal data protection and identifies normative turbulence in digital rights regulation.
Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Not - China and Russia's Implementation of Economic Sanctions
Victor A Ferguson - Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Not - Journal of Global Security Studies - 2025
Comparative article on formal and informal sanctions implementation.
The New Chinese Doctrine of Non-Intervention
International and Comparative Law Quarterly / 2025
Argues that China advances a context-sensitive doctrine of non-intervention that may partly converge with wider concerns about foreign influence.
China - Balancing the US and Increasing Global Influence
Chatham House - China: Balancing the US and increasing global influence - 2025
Report chapter on China's global initiatives and alternative order claims.
The Dual Tales of Moralizing Courts: Examining Party-Related Moralizing Keywords in Civil Judgments
Columbia Journal of Asian Law / 2025
Analyzes moralizing and Party-sanctioned keywords in Chinese civil judgments to explain both top-down political signals and bottom-up judicial legitimation.
How China Uses Police Assistance to Reshape Global Security
Ena Dion and Matt Herbert - How China Uses Police Assistance to Reshape Global Security - USIP - 2025
Analysis of China's use of foreign law-enforcement assistance to reshape security governance.
China's Belt and Road Initiative is Not a Novel Approach to International Law-Making
Asian Journal of Law and Society / 2025
Compares BRI soft-law and agreement practice with EU and U.S. approaches, arguing that the Chinese model is pragmatic but not novel.
Rising States and the Liberal World Order - The Case of China
Steve Chan and Weixing Hu - Rising states and the liberal world order - International Affairs - 2025
Recent IR article on rising China and claims about threats to world order.
Beyond liberal narratives: China and the international human rights order
Xinyuan Dai and Lucie Lu - Beyond liberal narratives: China and the international human rights order - International Affairs - 2025
Article using UN human rights review data to show how China reshapes parts of the international human rights order.
China's Path to Modernization and Legal Pluralism
Zoppolato and Farah - China's Path to Modernization and Legal Pluralism - Asian Journal of Law and Society - 2025
Article on legal transplants and BRI legal pluralism.
Borderline Sovereignty Disorder: China and the Law and Politics of the China-India Territorial Disputes
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Argues that international law can intensify China-India border tensions by interacting with sovereignty, self-determination, history, nationalism, and rising-power politics.
Ponder the path of thy feet: How China's security-development nexus works in the Mekong region
Xue Gong - Ponder the path of thy feet - European Journal of International Security - 2025
Article on China's security-development nexus and South-South security cooperation in the Mekong region.
Reconciling Dual Loyalties: Director Duties in State-Invested Companies under China's 2023 Company Law
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Examines how directors of state-invested companies may owe duties to both company and state under China's revised Company Law.
The Party's Court or the Court for the Parties: An Empirical Assessment of the Fifth Judicial Reform in China
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Uses frontline judge perspectives to evaluate the Fifth Judicial Reform, finding progress in service delivery but continuing Party-judiciary entanglement.
The Rare Earth Leverage? China's Export Control Law and Xi Jinping's Thought on Law-Based Governance
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Reads China's rare-earth export controls as legalized strategic statecraft under Xi-era law-based governance rather than ad hoc retaliation.
International Legal Ordering to Achieve International Goals: A Discourse Through the U.S. and China's Foreign Relations Law
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Compares U.S. and Chinese foreign relations law as frameworks for contributing to international legal order and shared global goals.
Warfare by Other Means: China's Economic Lawfare
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Maps China's use of economic legal tools to coerce or weaken adversaries and considers possible future finance-based or Global South-oriented tactics.
Maritime Ambitions: China's Emerging Great Power Identity and Its Strategies in BBNJ Agreement Negotiations
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Examines how China’s great-power identity shaped its negotiation strategies in the biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction agreement process.
Great Powers and the Formation of International Law
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2024
Compares how great powers including China approach international law formation and contest primary legal rules.
Navigating Tensions between Authoritarian Governance and Human Rights: Towards a Business and Human Rights Regime within China's Dual-State Context
Xu Kang - Navigating Tensions between Authoritarian Governance and Human Rights - Nordic Journal of Human Rights - 2025
Article on how China's evolving business and human rights regime operates within a dual-state framework.
China's Global Security Initiative Takes Shape in Southeast and Central Asia
USIP - China's Global Security Initiative Takes Shape in Southeast and Central Asia - 2024
Special report on how the GSI is taking operational form in two regions.
The Global Security Initiative - China's International Policing Activities
IISS - The Global Security Initiative - China's International Policing Activities - 2024
Research report on policing cooperation under the Global Security Initiative.
Toward a Coherent Framework for US-China Tech Competition in the Global South
Peter Engelke and Samantha Wong - Toward a coherent framework for US-China tech competition in the Global South - Atlantic Council - 2024
Strategic memo on technology competition and China's alternative vision in the Global South.
Reimagining Global Economic Governance
Carnegie Endowment - Reimagining Global Economic Governance - 2024
Report on reforming global economic governance amid US-China rivalry.
Legalization of Foreign Relations in China
Zheng Tang and Congyan Cai - Legalization of Foreign Relations in China - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Editorial introduction to the foreign relations law special issue.
Two Approaches to Economic Coercion
Jacob Katz Cogan - Two Approaches to Economic Coercion - Yale Journal of International Law - 2024
Essay comparing approaches to economic coercion after concern over Chinese practices.
China's Diplomacy and International Law
Huikang Huang - China's Diplomacy and International Law - Springer - 2024
Book-length statement of Chinese diplomatic and legal thinking.
Reconceptualizing International Order: Contemporary Chinese Theories and Their Contributions to Global IR
Haoming Xiong David A Peterson and Bear F Braumoeller - Reconceptualizing International Order - International Organization - 2024
Review essay on contemporary Chinese theories of international order within Global IR.
China under siege - How Beijing sees the United States
Yu Jie - China under siege - Chatham House - 2024
Research paper on threat perception and the world-order frame in current Chinese policy thinking.
Milestone of China's Foreign-Related Legislation
Huang Huikang - Milestone of China's Foreign-Related Legislation - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Review article on the PRC Foreign Relations Law and its stated objectives.
China and the United States and the Future of a Rules-Based International Order
Paul Gewirtz - China and the United States and the future of a rules-based international order - Brookings Institution - 2024
Policy analysis on US-China disagreement over rules-based international order.
China-Russia Alignment - A Threat to Europe's Security
Chatham House GMF and MERICS - China-Russia alignment - 2024
Joint report on China-Russia alignment and implications for European security.
Chinese Re-Examinations of Russia - The Strategic Partnership in the Wake of Russia's War Against Ukraine
Sagild and Hsiung - Chinese Re-Examinations of Russia - Journal of Contemporary China - 2024
Recent article on China-Russia strategic partnership debates after Ukraine.
China's Guerrilla Strategy in a Fragmenting Global Economy
MERICS - China's guerrilla strategy in a fragmenting global economy - 2024
Report on China's economic strategy under fragmentation and security competition.
Political Framing in China's Foreign Relations Law
Malcolm Jorgensen - Political Framing in China's Foreign Relations Law - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Open access article on how China's foreign relations law frames international legal order.
A Global South with Chinese Characteristics
Niva Yau - A Global South with Chinese Characteristics - Atlantic Council - 2024
Report on Chinese training programs and governance-model promotion in the Global South.
Chinese Standards From the Ground Up
Miriam Driessen and Ruiyi Zhu - Chinese standards from the ground up - China Information - 2024
Article on China's rise as a global standards power.
Pursuing Global Order in the Twenty-First Century
CSIS - Pursuing Global Order in the Twenty-First Century - 2024
Report on changing global order and the role of rising states.
Expanding China's Influence via Membership - Examining the Influence of Chinese-Led International Institutions on Responses to Human Rights Issues in China
Hyunkyu Kim and Sanghoon Park - Expanding China's Influence via Membership - Journal of Chinese Political Science - 2025
Article on Chinese-led institutions and softer UN human-rights criticism of China.
EU-China Relations - De-risking or De-coupling
European Parliament - EU-China relations - De-risking or de-coupling - 2024
Study on EU strategy toward China and de-risking.
Reading China's Global Security Initiative Through an International Legal Lens
Ka Lok Yip - Reading China's Global Security Initiative Through an International Legal Lens - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article assessing the Global Security Initiative through international law themes.
Authoritarian legality with Chinese characteristics
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2024
Examines the distinctive Chinese configuration of authoritarian legality and its implications for legal institutions and governance.
The Effect of 'One China' Policies of Foreign States on the International Status of Taiwan
Mikulas Fabry - The Effect of One China Policies of Foreign States on the International Status of Taiwan - Diplomacy and Statecraft - 2024
Article on recognition practice and Taiwan's international status.
Varieties of authoritarian legality
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2024
Introduces varieties of authoritarian legality as a comparative frame for understanding legal institutions under authoritarian governance.
Multilateralism and Soft Power Made-in-China: (re)Adjusting Role Conception to Meet International Expectations
Paulo Afonso Brardo Duarte Amit Gupta and Bruna Cristina Delvaje - Multilateralism and Soft Power Made-in-China - East Asia - 2024
Article on Xi-era multilateralism and soft power as complementary strategies for China's role conception.
The Collective Logic of Chinese Hegemonic Order
Amy King - The Collective Logic of Chinese Hegemonic Order - Security Studies - 2024
Exchange essay on Chinese hegemonic order and historical order transition.
The Lawfulness of Unilateral Sanctions in the Wake of a US-China Sanctions War
Joshua Andresen - The Lawfulness of Unilateral Sanctions in the Wake of a US-China Sanctions War - SSRN - 2024
Preprint on sanctions legality and the normalization effects of US-China escalation.
Institutional Design and Rhetorical Spaces - China's Human Rights Strategies in a Changing World Order
Rosemary Foot - Institutional Design and Rhetorical Spaces - Journal of Contemporary China - 2024
Recent article on China's human rights strategies and liberal order contestation.
The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law
Ignacio de la Rasilla and Congyan Cai eds - The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law - Cambridge University Press - 2024
Major handbook surveying China's engagement across international law fields.
International Investment Law and the Rule of Law - The Case of China
Ming Du - International Investment Law and the Rule of Law - Washington International Law Journal - 2024
Article on international investment law and China's domestic rule of law.
How Is the Belt and Road Initiative Advancing China's Interests?
CSIS ChinaPower Project - How Is the Belt and Road Initiative Advancing China's Interests - accessed 2026
Interactive explainer on BRI and Chinese interests.
Evolution of Intangible Property to Crypto Assets: Legal Pragmatism in Anglo-American Common Law and Chinese Civil Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Compares Anglo-American and Chinese approaches to intangible property and crypto assets through legal pragmatism.
Do Judges in China Follow Wrongly Decided Precedents?
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Empirically studies whether Chinese judges follow wrongly decided precedents and what that reveals about precedent-like authority in China.
Intellectual Property Legislation Holism in China
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2023
Argues that China’s IP system has shifted toward legislative holism across creation, implementation, management, services, and protection of IP rights.
China's Do-as-I-do Paradigm - Practice-based Normative Diplomacy in the Global South
Jeremy Garlick and Fangxing Qin - China's do-as-I-do paradigm - The Pacific Review - 2023
Recent article on China-led norm diffusion in the Global South.
International Institutions as Forms and Fora - Rao Geping and the Law of International Organizations in China
Yifeng Chen - International Institutions as Forms and Fora - European Journal of International Law - 2023
Article on Chinese international organizations law scholarship and institutional concepts.
On the International Law-Based International Order
Cai Congyan - On the International Law-Based International Order - Social Sciences in China - 2023
Article contrasting international law-based order with rules-based order discourse.
International Rule of Law through the Lens of Chinese Traditional Culture
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Uses Chinese traditional culture to interpret international rule-of-law ideas and China’s normative vocabulary.
Foreign Policy Implications for China's Foreign-Related Rule of Law
Matthew Erie - Foreign policy implications for China's foreign-related rule of law - Orbis - 2023
Article on foreign-related rule of law as foreign policy and legal statecraft.
China's Evolving International Economic Engagement - China Threat or a New Pole in an Equitable Multipolar World Order
Michael Dunford and Weidong Liu - China's evolving international economic engagement - Area Development and Policy - 2024
Article on China's trade investment finance and development engagement in multipolar order.
China and the Liberal International Order
Ruonan Liu and Songpo Yang - China and the Liberal International Order - International Affairs - 2023
Article on China's pragmatic and dynamic approach to the liberal international order.
Workplace Sexual Harassment in China
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Compares Chinese sexual harassment law with Western paradigms and argues that China is developing a personality-rights model with reform needs.
Loss of a Loved One: An Empirical Study of Pain and Suffering Awards in Wrongful Death Cases in China
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Empirically studies Chinese wrongful death awards for pain and suffering and what they reveal about judicial valuation of loss.
China's Family Education Promotion Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Examines China’s Family Education Promotion Law as family governance, responsible parenting, and moral formation through law.
Southeast Asia Amid Sino-US Competition - Power Shift and Regional Order Transition
Wen Zha - Southeast Asia amid Sino-US competition - Chinese Journal of International Politics - 2023
Regional order article on Southeast Asia amid Sino-US competition.
China's Law of the Sea: The New Rules of Maritime Order
Isaac B Kardon - China's Law of the Sea: The New Rules of Maritime Order - Yale University Press - 2023
Book on China's bid to shape law of the sea rules and regional maritime order.
China and the Logic of Illiberal Hegemony
Darren J Lim and G John Ikenberry - China and the Logic of Illiberal Hegemony - Security Studies - 2023
Article developing a model of Chinese international order.
Chatham House research on China and the international order
Chatham House, 'Chatham House research on China and the international order' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
IISS research on China and security
International Institute for Strategic Studies, 'IISS research on China and security' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Special Economic Zones - The Subnational-National-International Nexus in China's Integration With the International Economic Order
Chenxi Wang - Special Economic Zones - Journal of World Trade - 2022
Article on special economic zones and China's international economic integration.
Is the Liberal Order on the Way Out - China's Rise Networks and the Liberal Hegemon
Deborah Welch Larson - Is the liberal order on the way out - International Relations - 2022
IR article on China networks and resilience of liberal order.
China's Approach to International Law - From Traditional Westphalianism to Aggressive Instrumentalism in the Xi Jinping Era
Jiangyu Wang and Huaer Cheng - China's approach to international law - Chinese Journal of Comparative Law - 2022
Core recent article on China's Xi-era international legal stance.
China's Contestation of the Liberal International Order
Sung-han Kim and Sanghoon Kim - China's contestation of the liberal international order - The Pacific Review - 2022
Recent article distinguishing domains of Chinese contestation.
A Transatlantic Approach to China in the Global Commons
RUSI - A Transatlantic Approach to China in the Global Commons - 2022
Whitehall Report on China maritime governance and outer space.
Unilateral Sanctions - Kind and Degree
Sienho Yee - Unilateral Sanctions - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2022
Article analyzing unilateral sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction.
China as a Rising Power - Why the Status Quo Matters
Ian Taylor and Zhangxi Cheng - China as a rising power - Third World Quarterly - 2022
IR article on China as a rising power and the status quo.
Brookings research on China and global governance
Brookings Institution, 'Brookings research on China and global governance' (2022).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Carnegie research on China and international order
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 'Carnegie research on China and international order' (2022).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Oxford China Centre materials on law and governance
University of Oxford China Centre, 'Oxford China Centre materials on law and governance' (2022).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Chinese Positions on Global Constitutionalism, Community of Common Destiny for Mankind, and the Future of International Law
Bjorn Ahl - Chinese Positions on Global Constitutionalism Community of Common Destiny for Mankind and the Future of International Law - The Chinese Journal of Comparative Law - 2021
Article comparing global constitutionalism with Chinese common destiny thinking about future international law.
The Community of Shared Future for Mankind and China's Legalist Turn in International Relations
Ignacio de la Rasilla and Hao Yayezi - The Community of Shared Future for Mankind and China's Legalist Turn in International Relations - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2021
Article tracing community of shared future language and its legalist turn in Chinese international relations.
Domestic Politics, China's Rise, and the Future of the Liberal International Order
Jessica Chen Weiss and Jeremy L Wallace - Domestic Politics, China's Rise, and the Future of the Liberal International Order - International Organization - 2021
Article on domestic variables shaping China's selective engagement with liberal order.
The Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for the International Order
Moritz Rudolf, 'The Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for the International Order' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
International Law: Cases and Materials
Lori Fisler Damrosch and Sean D Murphy, 'International Law: Cases and Materials' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Council on Foreign Relations materials on Belt and Road
Council on Foreign Relations, 'Council on Foreign Relations materials on Belt and Road' (2021).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Selective Reshaping - China's Paradigm Shift in International Economic Governance
Heng Wang - Selective Reshaping - Journal of International Economic Law - 2020
International economic law article on China's selective institutional reshaping.
Contesting Liberal Internationalism - China's Renegotiation of World Order
Lee Heritage and Mao - Contesting liberal internationalism - Cambridge Review of International Affairs - 2020
IR article on China's renegotiation of world order.
Authoritarian International Law?
Tom Ginsburg, 'Authoritarian International Law?' (2020).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China and International Economic Law
Wang Jiangyu, 'China and International Economic Law' (2020).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
ASIL materials on China and international law
American Society of International Law, 'ASIL materials on China and international law' (2020).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
China and the Rules-Based Order
Lowy Institute - China and the Rules-Based Order - interactive feature
Analysis on China's approach to the rules-based international order.
Varieties of Contestation - China's Rise and the Liberal Trade Order
Clara Weinhardt and Tobias Ten Brink - Varieties of contestation - Review of International Political Economy - 2019
Political economy article on varieties of Chinese trade-order contestation.
Toward a Geoeconomic Order in International Trade and Investment
Roberts Moraes and Ferguson - Toward a Geoeconomic Order - Journal of International Economic Law - 2019
Article on the move from neoliberal economic order toward geoeconomic ordering.
China in a World of Orders - Rethinking Compliance and Challenge in Beijing's International Relations
Alastair Iain Johnston - China in a World of Orders - International Security - 2019
Core article reframing China's compliance and challenge across multiple orders.
The Rise of China and International Law
Cai Congyan, 'The Rise of China and International Law' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Understanding China's Belt and Road Initiative
Lee Jones and Jinghan Zeng, 'Understanding China's Belt and Road Initiative' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Competing Visions of a Postmodern World Order - The Philadelphian System Versus the Tianxia System
Taesuh Cha - Competing visions of a postmodern world order - Cambridge Review of International Affairs - 2018
Conceptual article comparing liberal and Tianxia-inflected order visions.
China and the International Legal Order
Zhao Yun, 'China and the International Legal Order' (2018).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
US-China Relations and the Liberal World Order - Contending Elites Colliding Visions
Nana de Graaff and Bastiaan van Apeldoorn - US-China relations and the liberal world order - International Affairs - 2018
Article on elite visions behind US-China order conflict.
Chinese Perspectives on the International Rule of Law
Matthieu Burnay - Chinese Perspectives on the International Rule of Law - 2018
Study of Chinese views on the international rule of law.
International law with Chinese characteristics - Beijing and the rules-based global order
Robert D Williams - International law with Chinese characteristics - Brookings Institution - 2017
Foundational think tank overview of China's approach across major international law fields.
China's Security Council Engagement - The Impact of Normative and Causal Beliefs
Lisa Macleod - China's Security Council engagement - Global Governance - 2017
Article on Chinese beliefs and UN Security Council engagement.
China's Evolving Approach to International Dispute Settlement
Harriet Moynihan - China's Evolving Approach to International Dispute Settlement - Chatham House - 2017
Briefing paper on Chinese choices among courts arbitration and diplomacy.
Canary in the Coal Mine? China, the UNGA, and the Changing World Order
Samuel Brazys and Alexander Dukalskis - Canary in the Coal Mine? China, the UNGA, and the Changing World Order - Review of International Studies - 2017
Empirical article on China UNGA alignment and global norm change.
China's Approach to the Use of Force
Hu Angang, 'China's Approach to the Use of Force' (2017).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
International Law and New Wars
Christine Chinkin and Mary Kaldor, 'International Law and New Wars' (2017).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
President Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative
Christopher K Johnson - President Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative - CSIS - 2015
Early CSIS assessment of BRI goals mechanisms and risks.
China, State Sovereignty and International Legal Order
Phil C W Chan, 'China, State Sovereignty and International Legal Order' (2015).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Chinese Contemporary Perspectives on International Law
Xue Hanqin, 'Chinese Contemporary Perspectives on International Law' (2012).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China and the International Legal System: Challenges of Participation
Pitman B Potter - China and the International Legal System - 2011
Monograph on China's participation in legal institutions.
Sources and Limits of Chinese Soft Power
Bates Gill and Yanzhong Huang, 'Sources and Limits of Chinese Soft Power' (2009).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Social States: China in International Institutions
Alastair Iain Johnston, 'Social States: China in International Institutions' (2008).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Beyond Compliance: China International Organizations and Global Security
Ann Kent - Beyond Compliance - 2007
Study of China's behavior in international organizations and security governance.
International Institutions Today: An Imperial Global State in the Making
B S Chimni, 'International Institutions Today: An Imperial Global State in the Making' (2004).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Rights Beyond Borders
Rosemary Foot, 'Rights Beyond Borders' (2000).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China, the United Nations, and Human Rights
Ann Kent, 'China, the United Nations, and Human Rights' (1999).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
International Law in China: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives
Wang Tieya, 'International Law in China: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives' (1990).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China, the United Nations and World Order
Samuel S Kim, 'China, the United Nations and World Order' (1979).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
People's China and International Law
Jerome Alan Cohen and Hungdah Chiu, 'People's China and International Law' (1974).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Topic section
Sovereignty and Non-interference
105 items · 84 scholarship items · 21 reports and policy sources
China's Pivot on Global AI
Arindrajit Basu - China's Pivot on Global AI - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - 2026
Recent analysis of China's AI diplomacy and global governance agenda.
China's data export regime: an evolutionary trajectory and its practical challenges
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Traces China's outbound data transfer regime through security assessment, standard contracts, certification, and free-trade-zone negative lists, emphasizing legal certainty and interoperability challenges.
The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - AI Technology Transfer and Technological Advancement in the Global South
Yiyi Chen Zikang Chen and Na Yang - The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - International Affairs - 2026
Article comparing AI technology transfer models and digital sovereignty choices in the Global South.
The return of the states: constitutional dilemmas of state measures to defend national and state security
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Analyzes U.S. state-level measures responding to China-related security concerns and the constitutional boundary between state power and federal foreign affairs authority.
China Anti-hegemonism and the Scope for International Law to Facilitate Peaceful Power Transitions
Shirley V Scott - China Anti-hegemonism and the Scope for International Law to Facilitate Peaceful Power Transitions - AJIL - 2026
Review essay on anti-hegemonism and international law during power transitions.
International Law as a Driver of Confrontation? UNCLOS and China's Policy in the South China Sea
European Journal of International Law / 2026
Shows how China's internalization of UNCLOS concepts helped create incentives for later maritime rights assertion and confrontation in the South China Sea.
The Taiwan Constitutional Court's Evolving Engagement with International Law
Asian Journal of International Law / 2026
Develops a typology for Taiwan Constitutional Court citations to international law and shows movement toward deeper rights-based engagement.
International Law in Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal: An Apex Court Operating in the Shadow of Beijing
Asian Journal of International Law / 2026
Studies Hong Kong's final appellate court as it works with international law while operating under Basic Law interpretation and Beijing's constitutional shadow.
Observing the State's Role in Property Law: A Chinese Perspective
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Uses Chinese property law to analyze the state as gatekeeper, enabler, coordinator, and regulator within private-law institutions.
Competition and Data Protection in the Digital Economy: A Comparative Analysis of the EU and China
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Compares EU and Chinese approaches to platform competition, personal data protection, extraterritorial influence, and digital sovereignty.
Beyond Multilateralism - China's International Order Building Through Transnational Policy Forums
Matthew D Stephen - Beyond Multilateralism - The Pacific Review - 2025
Article on informal transnational policy forums as Chinese order-building tools.
China's Foreign Police Training: A Global Footprint
Sheena Chestnut Greitens Isaac B Kardon and Cameron Waltz - China's Foreign Police Training: A Global Footprint - Carnegie Endowment - 2025
Data-rich report on China's worldwide police and internal security training programs.
How future actions might affect the lawfulness of an attack on Taiwan
Rowan Nicholson - How future actions might affect the lawfulness of an attack on Taiwan - Journal on the Use of Force and International Law - 2025
Article on recognition policy and the lawfulness arguments surrounding a Taiwan conflict.
Defamation Law in Greater China: Principles, Politics, and Prospects
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Compares defamation law across mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, focusing on reputation, speech, convergence, divergence, and politicization.
From Asian-African Solidarity to a Community of Common Destiny - An Evolving Chinese Perspective of the International Legal Order
Bing Bing Jia - From Asian-African Solidarity to a Community of Common Destiny - AJIL Unbound - 2025
Essay linking Bandung principles to Chinese perspectives on international legal order.
China Unbounded: Extraterritoriality, Nationality, and the Late Qing's Engagement with International Law
Journal of the History of International Law / 2025
Reframes late Qing extraterritoriality and nationality law as active adaptation of international law to protect Chinese nationals abroad.
A New World Cop on the Beat - China's Internal Security Outreach Under the Global Security Initiative
Sheena Chestnut Greitens Isaac B Kardon and Cameron Waltz - A New World Cop on the Beat - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - 2025
Report mapping China's nonmilitary security diplomacy and internal-security outreach.
Article 2 of the Hong Kong National Security Law and the prohibition of abuse of fundamental rights
Xiaoshan Zhang - Article 2 of the Hong Kong National Security Law and the prohibition of abuse of fundamental rights - Asia Pacific Law Review - 2025
Article on rights review and constitutional change under the HKNSL.
How Some of China's Top AI Thinkers Built Their Own AI Safety Institute
Scott Singer Karson Elmgren and Oliver Guest - How Some of China's Top AI Thinkers Built Their Own AI Safety Institute - Carnegie Endowment - 2025
Report on the emergence of China's AI Safety and Development Association and its role in global AI governance.
Chinese Lawfare in Conflict - The Threat to US Operations
Crispin Smith - Chinese Lawfare in Conflict - Harvard National Security Journal - 2025
Article on Chinese operational lawfare in potential conflict settings.
Chronology of Practice: Chinese Practice in Public International Law in 2022
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Surveys Chinese public international law practice in 2022 across treaties, legislation, official statements, international organizations, and judicial decisions.
The Fraudulent UN Resolution 2758 and the Courage to Recognize Taiwan
Hudson Institute - The Fraudulent UN Resolution 2758 and the Courage to Recognize Taiwan - 2025
Commentary challenging PRC interpretations of UN General Assembly Resolution 2758.
China's Foreign-Related Rule of Law: The Evolution of an Idea
Hague Journal on the Rule of Law / 2025
Traces the emergence and evolution of China's foreign-related rule of law as a strategic legal and governance concept.
Normative Contestation in the International Order
Kal Raustiala - Normative Contestation in the International Order - International Law Studies - 2025
Essay on whether China is remaking global governance.
Convergence between and among the Chinese, the EU and Kazakhstan Approaches towards Personal Data Protection against the AI in the Digital Sphere
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Compares China, the EU, and Kazakhstan on AI-related personal data protection and identifies normative turbulence in digital rights regulation.
The New Chinese Doctrine of Non-Intervention
International and Comparative Law Quarterly / 2025
Argues that China advances a context-sensitive doctrine of non-intervention that may partly converge with wider concerns about foreign influence.
The Dual Tales of Moralizing Courts: Examining Party-Related Moralizing Keywords in Civil Judgments
Columbia Journal of Asian Law / 2025
Analyzes moralizing and Party-sanctioned keywords in Chinese civil judgments to explain both top-down political signals and bottom-up judicial legitimation.
How China Uses Police Assistance to Reshape Global Security
Ena Dion and Matt Herbert - How China Uses Police Assistance to Reshape Global Security - USIP - 2025
Analysis of China's use of foreign law-enforcement assistance to reshape security governance.
Rising States and the Liberal World Order - The Case of China
Steve Chan and Weixing Hu - Rising states and the liberal world order - International Affairs - 2025
Recent IR article on rising China and claims about threats to world order.
Beyond liberal narratives: China and the international human rights order
Xinyuan Dai and Lucie Lu - Beyond liberal narratives: China and the international human rights order - International Affairs - 2025
Article using UN human rights review data to show how China reshapes parts of the international human rights order.
Borderline Sovereignty Disorder: China and the Law and Politics of the China-India Territorial Disputes
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Argues that international law can intensify China-India border tensions by interacting with sovereignty, self-determination, history, nationalism, and rising-power politics.
Ponder the path of thy feet: How China's security-development nexus works in the Mekong region
Xue Gong - Ponder the path of thy feet - European Journal of International Security - 2025
Article on China's security-development nexus and South-South security cooperation in the Mekong region.
How Functional Will the New Foreign-Related Civil Procedure Rules of China Be: A Perspective Based on Concerns by SEP Stakeholders
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Assesses China’s amended foreign-related civil procedure rules through SEP parallel-litigation concerns, comity, procedural fairness, and forum shopping.
Informal or Formal - China's Two-Tiered Sanctions Policy
Chinese Political Science Review - Informal or Formal - China's Two-Tiered Sanctions Policy - 2025
Article on formal and informal sanctions in China's foreign policy.
The Party's Court or the Court for the Parties: An Empirical Assessment of the Fifth Judicial Reform in China
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Uses frontline judge perspectives to evaluate the Fifth Judicial Reform, finding progress in service delivery but continuing Party-judiciary entanglement.
International Legal Ordering to Achieve International Goals: A Discourse Through the U.S. and China's Foreign Relations Law
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Compares U.S. and Chinese foreign relations law as frameworks for contributing to international legal order and shared global goals.
Great Powers and the Formation of International Law
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2024
Compares how great powers including China approach international law formation and contest primary legal rules.
China's Extraterritoriality - A New Stage of Lawfare
Institut Montaigne - China's Extraterritoriality - A New Stage of Lawfare - 2024
Issue paper on Chinese extraterritoriality and sanctions-related legal tools.
Navigating Tensions between Authoritarian Governance and Human Rights: Towards a Business and Human Rights Regime within China's Dual-State Context
Xu Kang - Navigating Tensions between Authoritarian Governance and Human Rights - Nordic Journal of Human Rights - 2025
Article on how China's evolving business and human rights regime operates within a dual-state framework.
China's Global Security Initiative Takes Shape in Southeast and Central Asia
USIP - China's Global Security Initiative Takes Shape in Southeast and Central Asia - 2024
Special report on how the GSI is taking operational form in two regions.
The Global Security Initiative - China's International Policing Activities
IISS - The Global Security Initiative - China's International Policing Activities - 2024
Research report on policing cooperation under the Global Security Initiative.
Peacetime Maritime Law Enforcement by Warships
Deyi Ma and Yanlin Zhou - Peacetime Maritime Law Enforcement by Warships - Journal on the Use of Force and International Law - 2024
Article on the evolving legal scope of maritime law enforcement by warships in peacetime.
Employing Non-Peaceful Means Against Taiwan
CSIS ChinaPower - Employing Non-Peaceful Means Against Taiwan - 2024
Edited report on China's Anti-Secession Law and Taiwan contingencies.
Legalization of Foreign Relations in China
Zheng Tang and Congyan Cai - Legalization of Foreign Relations in China - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Editorial introduction to the foreign relations law special issue.
China's Diplomacy and International Law
Huikang Huang - China's Diplomacy and International Law - Springer - 2024
Book-length statement of Chinese diplomatic and legal thinking.
Reconceptualizing International Order: Contemporary Chinese Theories and Their Contributions to Global IR
Haoming Xiong David A Peterson and Bear F Braumoeller - Reconceptualizing International Order - International Organization - 2024
Review essay on contemporary Chinese theories of international order within Global IR.
Milestone of China's Foreign-Related Legislation
Huang Huikang - Milestone of China's Foreign-Related Legislation - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Review article on the PRC Foreign Relations Law and its stated objectives.
Chinese Re-Examinations of Russia - The Strategic Partnership in the Wake of Russia's War Against Ukraine
Sagild and Hsiung - Chinese Re-Examinations of Russia - Journal of Contemporary China - 2024
Recent article on China-Russia strategic partnership debates after Ukraine.
Political Framing in China's Foreign Relations Law
Malcolm Jorgensen - Political Framing in China's Foreign Relations Law - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Open access article on how China's foreign relations law frames international legal order.
A Global South with Chinese Characteristics
Niva Yau - A Global South with Chinese Characteristics - Atlantic Council - 2024
Report on Chinese training programs and governance-model promotion in the Global South.
Responding to a More Coercive Chinese Coast Guard and a Potential PRC Quarantine of Taiwan
Christopher B Johnstone and Bonny Lin - Responding to a More Coercive Chinese Coast Guard and a Potential PRC Quarantine of Taiwan - CSIS - 2024
CSIS analysis of quarantine scenarios and the legal framing of coast guard coercion.
China's Foreign State Immunity Law
William S Dodge - China's Foreign State Immunity Law - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article introducing China's restrictive foreign state immunity law to English language readers.
Expanding China's Influence via Membership - Examining the Influence of Chinese-Led International Institutions on Responses to Human Rights Issues in China
Hyunkyu Kim and Sanghoon Park - Expanding China's Influence via Membership - Journal of Chinese Political Science - 2025
Article on Chinese-led institutions and softer UN human-rights criticism of China.
Reading China's Global Security Initiative Through an International Legal Lens
Ka Lok Yip - Reading China's Global Security Initiative Through an International Legal Lens - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article assessing the Global Security Initiative through international law themes.
Authoritarian legality with Chinese characteristics
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2024
Examines the distinctive Chinese configuration of authoritarian legality and its implications for legal institutions and governance.
The Effect of 'One China' Policies of Foreign States on the International Status of Taiwan
Mikulas Fabry - The Effect of One China Policies of Foreign States on the International Status of Taiwan - Diplomacy and Statecraft - 2024
Article on recognition practice and Taiwan's international status.
Varieties of authoritarian legality
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2024
Introduces varieties of authoritarian legality as a comparative frame for understanding legal institutions under authoritarian governance.
Surveying the Experts on China's Approach to Taiwan in 2024 and Beyond
CSIS ChinaPower - Surveying the Experts on China's Approach to Taiwan - 2024
Survey report on US and Taiwan expert views about coercion blockade and invasion scenarios.
Institutional Design and Rhetorical Spaces - China's Human Rights Strategies in a Changing World Order
Rosemary Foot - Institutional Design and Rhetorical Spaces - Journal of Contemporary China - 2024
Recent article on China's human rights strategies and liberal order contestation.
The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law
Ignacio de la Rasilla and Congyan Cai eds - The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law - Cambridge University Press - 2024
Major handbook surveying China's engagement across international law fields.
Data Flows and Data Protection in the Greater Bay Area
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Examines data transfer and data protection coordination needs across mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau in the Greater Bay Area.
China's Do-as-I-do Paradigm - Practice-based Normative Diplomacy in the Global South
Jeremy Garlick and Fangxing Qin - China's do-as-I-do paradigm - The Pacific Review - 2023
Recent article on China-led norm diffusion in the Global South.
Forum Non Conveniens in China: From Judicial Practice to Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Traces how forum non conveniens moved from Chinese judicial practice into formal law and what that means for cross-border litigation.
On the International Law-Based International Order
Cai Congyan - On the International Law-Based International Order - Social Sciences in China - 2023
Article contrasting international law-based order with rules-based order discourse.
International Rule of Law through the Lens of Chinese Traditional Culture
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Uses Chinese traditional culture to interpret international rule-of-law ideas and China’s normative vocabulary.
China and the Liberal International Order
Ruonan Liu and Songpo Yang - China and the Liberal International Order - International Affairs - 2023
Article on China's pragmatic and dynamic approach to the liberal international order.
Workplace Sexual Harassment in China
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Compares Chinese sexual harassment law with Western paradigms and argues that China is developing a personality-rights model with reform needs.
China's Family Education Promotion Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Examines China’s Family Education Promotion Law as family governance, responsible parenting, and moral formation through law.
China's Law of the Sea: The New Rules of Maritime Order
Isaac B Kardon - China's Law of the Sea: The New Rules of Maritime Order - Yale University Press - 2023
Book on China's bid to shape law of the sea rules and regional maritime order.
The Hong Kong National Security Law and the Struggle over Rule of Law and Democracy in Hong Kong
Surabhi Chopra and Eva Pils - The Hong Kong National Security Law and the Struggle over Rule of Law and Democracy in Hong Kong - Federal Law Review - 2022
Article on the Hong Kong National Security Law and Basic Law obligations.
China's Approach to International Law - From Traditional Westphalianism to Aggressive Instrumentalism in the Xi Jinping Era
Jiangyu Wang and Huaer Cheng - China's approach to international law - Chinese Journal of Comparative Law - 2022
Core recent article on China's Xi-era international legal stance.
China's Contestation of the Liberal International Order
Sung-han Kim and Sanghoon Kim - China's contestation of the liberal international order - The Pacific Review - 2022
Recent article distinguishing domains of Chinese contestation.
A Transatlantic Approach to China in the Global Commons
RUSI - A Transatlantic Approach to China in the Global Commons - 2022
Whitehall Report on China maritime governance and outer space.
Unilateral Sanctions - Kind and Degree
Sienho Yee - Unilateral Sanctions - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2022
Article analyzing unilateral sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction.
Carnegie research on China and international order
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 'Carnegie research on China and international order' (2022).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Oxford China Centre materials on law and governance
University of Oxford China Centre, 'Oxford China Centre materials on law and governance' (2022).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Chinese Positions on Global Constitutionalism, Community of Common Destiny for Mankind, and the Future of International Law
Bjorn Ahl - Chinese Positions on Global Constitutionalism Community of Common Destiny for Mankind and the Future of International Law - The Chinese Journal of Comparative Law - 2021
Article comparing global constitutionalism with Chinese common destiny thinking about future international law.
Unpalatable Realities No Choices
Alvin Y H Cheung - Unpalatable Realities No Choices - International Journal of Constitutional Law - 2021
Review essay on Hong Kong national security and changing legal orders.
China's Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law - A warning to the world
Helena Legarda and Katja Drinhausen - China's Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law - MERICS - 2021
Short analysis on the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law and implications for foreign actors.
The Community of Shared Future for Mankind and China's Legalist Turn in International Relations
Ignacio de la Rasilla and Hao Yayezi - The Community of Shared Future for Mankind and China's Legalist Turn in International Relations - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2021
Article tracing community of shared future language and its legalist turn in Chinese international relations.
Domestic Politics, China's Rise, and the Future of the Liberal International Order
Jessica Chen Weiss and Jeremy L Wallace - Domestic Politics, China's Rise, and the Future of the Liberal International Order - International Organization - 2021
Article on domestic variables shaping China's selective engagement with liberal order.
China's Lawfare Strategy
Elizabeth Van Wie Davis, 'China's Lawfare Strategy' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
The Changing Legal Orders in Hong Kong and China
Albert H Y Chen, 'The Changing Legal Orders in Hong Kong and China' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for legal change under one country, two systems.
China's National Security - Endangering Hong Kong's Rule of Law?
Cora Chan and Fiona de Londras eds - China's National Security - Endangering Hong Kong's Rule of Law? - Hart Publishing - 2020
Edited volume on Hong Kong national security and constitutional order.
Contesting Liberal Internationalism - China's Renegotiation of World Order
Lee Heritage and Mao - Contesting liberal internationalism - Cambridge Review of International Affairs - 2020
IR article on China's renegotiation of world order.
The Legal System of Macao and One Country, Two Systems
Macao SAR legal scholarship, 'The Legal System of Macao and One Country, Two Systems' (2020).
Research lead for adding Macau-focused scholarship during editorial review.
China and the Rules-Based Order
Lowy Institute - China and the Rules-Based Order - interactive feature
Analysis on China's approach to the rules-based international order.
China in a World of Orders - Rethinking Compliance and Challenge in Beijing's International Relations
Alastair Iain Johnston - China in a World of Orders - International Security - 2019
Core article reframing China's compliance and challenge across multiple orders.
China's Maritime Gray Zone Operations
Andrew S Erickson and Ryan D Martinson, 'China's Maritime Gray Zone Operations' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Competing Visions of a Postmodern World Order - The Philadelphian System Versus the Tianxia System
Taesuh Cha - Competing visions of a postmodern world order - Cambridge Review of International Affairs - 2018
Conceptual article comparing liberal and Tianxia-inflected order visions.
China's Maritime Silk Road: Strategic and Economic Implications for the Indo-Pacific Region
Michael J Green - China's Maritime Silk Road - CSIS - 2018
Report on the maritime dimension of BRI.
Chinese Perspectives on the International Rule of Law
Matthieu Burnay - Chinese Perspectives on the International Rule of Law - 2018
Study of Chinese views on the international rule of law.
International law with Chinese characteristics - Beijing and the rules-based global order
Robert D Williams - International law with Chinese characteristics - Brookings Institution - 2017
Foundational think tank overview of China's approach across major international law fields.
China's Security Council Engagement - The Impact of Normative and Causal Beliefs
Lisa Macleod - China's Security Council engagement - Global Governance - 2017
Article on Chinese beliefs and UN Security Council engagement.
China's Evolving Approach to International Dispute Settlement
Harriet Moynihan - China's Evolving Approach to International Dispute Settlement - Chatham House - 2017
Briefing paper on Chinese choices among courts arbitration and diplomacy.
Canary in the Coal Mine? China, the UNGA, and the Changing World Order
Samuel Brazys and Alexander Dukalskis - Canary in the Coal Mine? China, the UNGA, and the Changing World Order - Review of International Studies - 2017
Empirical article on China UNGA alignment and global norm change.
The South China Sea Arbitration: A Chinese Perspective
Robert Beckman and Tara Davenport, 'The South China Sea Arbitration: A Chinese Perspective' (2017).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
The South China Sea Arbitration and China's Position
Zhang Haiwen, 'The South China Sea Arbitration and China's Position' (2016).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Introduction to the Hong Kong Basic Law
Danny Gittings, 'Introduction to the Hong Kong Basic Law' (2016).
Launch bibliography item for Hong Kong Basic Law and autonomy research.
China, State Sovereignty and International Legal Order
Phil C W Chan, 'China, State Sovereignty and International Legal Order' (2015).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Chinese Contemporary Perspectives on International Law
Xue Hanqin, 'Chinese Contemporary Perspectives on International Law' (2012).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Beyond Compliance: China International Organizations and Global Security
Ann Kent - Beyond Compliance - 2007
Study of China's behavior in international organizations and security governance.
Rights Beyond Borders
Rosemary Foot, 'Rights Beyond Borders' (2000).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China, the United Nations, and Human Rights
Ann Kent, 'China, the United Nations, and Human Rights' (1999).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
People's China and International Law
Jerome Alan Cohen and Hungdah Chiu, 'People's China and International Law' (1974).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Topic section
One Country, Two Systems: Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan
26 items · 20 scholarship items · 6 reports and policy sources
The Taiwan Constitutional Court's Evolving Engagement with International Law
Asian Journal of International Law / 2026
Develops a typology for Taiwan Constitutional Court citations to international law and shows movement toward deeper rights-based engagement.
International Law in Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal: An Apex Court Operating in the Shadow of Beijing
Asian Journal of International Law / 2026
Studies Hong Kong's final appellate court as it works with international law while operating under Basic Law interpretation and Beijing's constitutional shadow.
How future actions might affect the lawfulness of an attack on Taiwan
Rowan Nicholson - How future actions might affect the lawfulness of an attack on Taiwan - Journal on the Use of Force and International Law - 2025
Article on recognition policy and the lawfulness arguments surrounding a Taiwan conflict.
Defamation Law in Greater China: Principles, Politics, and Prospects
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Compares defamation law across mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, focusing on reputation, speech, convergence, divergence, and politicization.
Article 2 of the Hong Kong National Security Law and the prohibition of abuse of fundamental rights
Xiaoshan Zhang - Article 2 of the Hong Kong National Security Law and the prohibition of abuse of fundamental rights - Asia Pacific Law Review - 2025
Article on rights review and constitutional change under the HKNSL.
The Purpose and Promise of China's International Organization for Mediation
Brookings Institution - The purpose and promise of China's International Organization for Mediation - 2025
Analysis of China's new mediation organization and its possible role.
Chinese Lawfare in Conflict - The Threat to US Operations
Crispin Smith - Chinese Lawfare in Conflict - Harvard National Security Journal - 2025
Article on Chinese operational lawfare in potential conflict settings.
China's Mediation Initiative and Australia
AustChina Institute - China's Mediation Initiative and Australia - 2025
Policy analysis on Australia and the International Organization for Mediation.
The Fraudulent UN Resolution 2758 and the Courage to Recognize Taiwan
Hudson Institute - The Fraudulent UN Resolution 2758 and the Courage to Recognize Taiwan - 2025
Commentary challenging PRC interpretations of UN General Assembly Resolution 2758.
Chronology of Practice: Chinese Practice in Private International Law in 2023
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2024
Surveys Chinese private international law practice in 2023, including cross-border civil and commercial legal developments.
Employing Non-Peaceful Means Against Taiwan
CSIS ChinaPower - Employing Non-Peaceful Means Against Taiwan - 2024
Edited report on China's Anti-Secession Law and Taiwan contingencies.
China's Diplomacy and International Law
Huikang Huang - China's Diplomacy and International Law - Springer - 2024
Book-length statement of Chinese diplomatic and legal thinking.
Responding to a More Coercive Chinese Coast Guard and a Potential PRC Quarantine of Taiwan
Christopher B Johnstone and Bonny Lin - Responding to a More Coercive Chinese Coast Guard and a Potential PRC Quarantine of Taiwan - CSIS - 2024
CSIS analysis of quarantine scenarios and the legal framing of coast guard coercion.
China's Foreign State Immunity Law
William S Dodge - China's Foreign State Immunity Law - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article introducing China's restrictive foreign state immunity law to English language readers.
The Effect of 'One China' Policies of Foreign States on the International Status of Taiwan
Mikulas Fabry - The Effect of One China Policies of Foreign States on the International Status of Taiwan - Diplomacy and Statecraft - 2024
Article on recognition practice and Taiwan's international status.
Surveying the Experts on China's Approach to Taiwan in 2024 and Beyond
CSIS ChinaPower - Surveying the Experts on China's Approach to Taiwan - 2024
Survey report on US and Taiwan expert views about coercion blockade and invasion scenarios.
Data Flows and Data Protection in the Greater Bay Area
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Examines data transfer and data protection coordination needs across mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau in the Greater Bay Area.
Cross-Border Insolvency Cooperation Between Mainland China and Hong Kong SAR
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2024
Analyzes the 2021 Mainland-Hong Kong insolvency arrangement, its limited use, and options for improving recognition and cooperation.
The Hong Kong National Security Law and the Struggle over Rule of Law and Democracy in Hong Kong
Surabhi Chopra and Eva Pils - The Hong Kong National Security Law and the Struggle over Rule of Law and Democracy in Hong Kong - Federal Law Review - 2022
Article on the Hong Kong National Security Law and Basic Law obligations.
Unpalatable Realities No Choices
Alvin Y H Cheung - Unpalatable Realities No Choices - International Journal of Constitutional Law - 2021
Review essay on Hong Kong national security and changing legal orders.
The Changing Legal Orders in Hong Kong and China
Albert H Y Chen, 'The Changing Legal Orders in Hong Kong and China' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for legal change under one country, two systems.
China's National Security - Endangering Hong Kong's Rule of Law?
Cora Chan and Fiona de Londras eds - China's National Security - Endangering Hong Kong's Rule of Law? - Hart Publishing - 2020
Edited volume on Hong Kong national security and constitutional order.
The Legal System of Macao and One Country, Two Systems
Macao SAR legal scholarship, 'The Legal System of Macao and One Country, Two Systems' (2020).
Research lead for adding Macau-focused scholarship during editorial review.
Introduction to the Hong Kong Basic Law
Danny Gittings, 'Introduction to the Hong Kong Basic Law' (2016).
Launch bibliography item for Hong Kong Basic Law and autonomy research.
China, State Sovereignty and International Legal Order
Phil C W Chan, 'China, State Sovereignty and International Legal Order' (2015).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China, the United Nations, and Human Rights
Ann Kent, 'China, the United Nations, and Human Rights' (1999).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Topic section
Use of Force
50 items · 34 scholarship items · 16 reports and policy sources
China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order in a Multiplex World
Dimitrios Stroikos - China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order - International Affairs - 2026
Article on China Global South cooperation and space as a functional sub-order.
The return of the states: constitutional dilemmas of state measures to defend national and state security
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Analyzes U.S. state-level measures responding to China-related security concerns and the constitutional boundary between state power and federal foreign affairs authority.
China Anti-hegemonism and the Scope for International Law to Facilitate Peaceful Power Transitions
Shirley V Scott - China Anti-hegemonism and the Scope for International Law to Facilitate Peaceful Power Transitions - AJIL - 2026
Review essay on anti-hegemonism and international law during power transitions.
Empire of the Stars-Not Yet - China as a Partial Great Power in Space
Dimitrios Stroikos - Empire of the Stars-Not Yet - The Pacific Review - 2026
Article distinguishing material capability from social authority in space order.
International Law as a Driver of Confrontation? UNCLOS and China's Policy in the South China Sea
European Journal of International Law / 2026
Shows how China's internalization of UNCLOS concepts helped create incentives for later maritime rights assertion and confrontation in the South China Sea.
China's Foreign Police Training: A Global Footprint
Sheena Chestnut Greitens Isaac B Kardon and Cameron Waltz - China's Foreign Police Training: A Global Footprint - Carnegie Endowment - 2025
Data-rich report on China's worldwide police and internal security training programs.
How future actions might affect the lawfulness of an attack on Taiwan
Rowan Nicholson - How future actions might affect the lawfulness of an attack on Taiwan - Journal on the Use of Force and International Law - 2025
Article on recognition policy and the lawfulness arguments surrounding a Taiwan conflict.
A New World Cop on the Beat - China's Internal Security Outreach Under the Global Security Initiative
Sheena Chestnut Greitens Isaac B Kardon and Cameron Waltz - A New World Cop on the Beat - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - 2025
Report mapping China's nonmilitary security diplomacy and internal-security outreach.
Chinese Lawfare in Conflict - The Threat to US Operations
Crispin Smith - Chinese Lawfare in Conflict - Harvard National Security Journal - 2025
Article on Chinese operational lawfare in potential conflict settings.
The New Chinese Doctrine of Non-Intervention
International and Comparative Law Quarterly / 2025
Argues that China advances a context-sensitive doctrine of non-intervention that may partly converge with wider concerns about foreign influence.
China - Balancing the US and Increasing Global Influence
Chatham House - China: Balancing the US and increasing global influence - 2025
Report chapter on China's global initiatives and alternative order claims.
How China Uses Police Assistance to Reshape Global Security
Ena Dion and Matt Herbert - How China Uses Police Assistance to Reshape Global Security - USIP - 2025
Analysis of China's use of foreign law-enforcement assistance to reshape security governance.
Rising States and the Liberal World Order - The Case of China
Steve Chan and Weixing Hu - Rising states and the liberal world order - International Affairs - 2025
Recent IR article on rising China and claims about threats to world order.
Borderline Sovereignty Disorder: China and the Law and Politics of the China-India Territorial Disputes
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Argues that international law can intensify China-India border tensions by interacting with sovereignty, self-determination, history, nationalism, and rising-power politics.
Ponder the path of thy feet: How China's security-development nexus works in the Mekong region
Xue Gong - Ponder the path of thy feet - European Journal of International Security - 2025
Article on China's security-development nexus and South-South security cooperation in the Mekong region.
Warfare by Other Means: China's Economic Lawfare
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Maps China's use of economic legal tools to coerce or weaken adversaries and considers possible future finance-based or Global South-oriented tactics.
Maritime Ambitions: China's Emerging Great Power Identity and Its Strategies in BBNJ Agreement Negotiations
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Examines how China’s great-power identity shaped its negotiation strategies in the biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction agreement process.
Great Powers and the Formation of International Law
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2024
Compares how great powers including China approach international law formation and contest primary legal rules.
China's Global Security Initiative Takes Shape in Southeast and Central Asia
USIP - China's Global Security Initiative Takes Shape in Southeast and Central Asia - 2024
Special report on how the GSI is taking operational form in two regions.
The Global Security Initiative - China's International Policing Activities
IISS - The Global Security Initiative - China's International Policing Activities - 2024
Research report on policing cooperation under the Global Security Initiative.
Peacetime Maritime Law Enforcement by Warships
Deyi Ma and Yanlin Zhou - Peacetime Maritime Law Enforcement by Warships - Journal on the Use of Force and International Law - 2024
Article on the evolving legal scope of maritime law enforcement by warships in peacetime.
Employing Non-Peaceful Means Against Taiwan
CSIS ChinaPower - Employing Non-Peaceful Means Against Taiwan - 2024
Edited report on China's Anti-Secession Law and Taiwan contingencies.
China's Diplomacy and International Law
Huikang Huang - China's Diplomacy and International Law - Springer - 2024
Book-length statement of Chinese diplomatic and legal thinking.
China under siege - How Beijing sees the United States
Yu Jie - China under siege - Chatham House - 2024
Research paper on threat perception and the world-order frame in current Chinese policy thinking.
China and the United States and the Future of a Rules-Based International Order
Paul Gewirtz - China and the United States and the future of a rules-based international order - Brookings Institution - 2024
Policy analysis on US-China disagreement over rules-based international order.
China-Russia Alignment - A Threat to Europe's Security
Chatham House GMF and MERICS - China-Russia alignment - 2024
Joint report on China-Russia alignment and implications for European security.
Chinese Re-Examinations of Russia - The Strategic Partnership in the Wake of Russia's War Against Ukraine
Sagild and Hsiung - Chinese Re-Examinations of Russia - Journal of Contemporary China - 2024
Recent article on China-Russia strategic partnership debates after Ukraine.
Responding to a More Coercive Chinese Coast Guard and a Potential PRC Quarantine of Taiwan
Christopher B Johnstone and Bonny Lin - Responding to a More Coercive Chinese Coast Guard and a Potential PRC Quarantine of Taiwan - CSIS - 2024
CSIS analysis of quarantine scenarios and the legal framing of coast guard coercion.
Pursuing Global Order in the Twenty-First Century
CSIS - Pursuing Global Order in the Twenty-First Century - 2024
Report on changing global order and the role of rising states.
Reading China's Global Security Initiative Through an International Legal Lens
Ka Lok Yip - Reading China's Global Security Initiative Through an International Legal Lens - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article assessing the Global Security Initiative through international law themes.
The Collective Logic of Chinese Hegemonic Order
Amy King - The Collective Logic of Chinese Hegemonic Order - Security Studies - 2024
Exchange essay on Chinese hegemonic order and historical order transition.
Surveying the Experts on China's Approach to Taiwan in 2024 and Beyond
CSIS ChinaPower - Surveying the Experts on China's Approach to Taiwan - 2024
Survey report on US and Taiwan expert views about coercion blockade and invasion scenarios.
The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law
Ignacio de la Rasilla and Congyan Cai eds - The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law - Cambridge University Press - 2024
Major handbook surveying China's engagement across international law fields.
Southeast Asia Amid Sino-US Competition - Power Shift and Regional Order Transition
Wen Zha - Southeast Asia amid Sino-US competition - Chinese Journal of International Politics - 2023
Regional order article on Southeast Asia amid Sino-US competition.
China's Law of the Sea: The New Rules of Maritime Order
Isaac B Kardon - China's Law of the Sea: The New Rules of Maritime Order - Yale University Press - 2023
Book on China's bid to shape law of the sea rules and regional maritime order.
China and the Logic of Illiberal Hegemony
Darren J Lim and G John Ikenberry - China and the Logic of Illiberal Hegemony - Security Studies - 2023
Article developing a model of Chinese international order.
Chatham House research on China and the international order
Chatham House, 'Chatham House research on China and the international order' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
IISS research on China and security
International Institute for Strategic Studies, 'IISS research on China and security' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
The Hong Kong National Security Law and the Struggle over Rule of Law and Democracy in Hong Kong
Surabhi Chopra and Eva Pils - The Hong Kong National Security Law and the Struggle over Rule of Law and Democracy in Hong Kong - Federal Law Review - 2022
Article on the Hong Kong National Security Law and Basic Law obligations.
A Transatlantic Approach to China in the Global Commons
RUSI - A Transatlantic Approach to China in the Global Commons - 2022
Whitehall Report on China maritime governance and outer space.
International Law: Cases and Materials
Lori Fisler Damrosch and Sean D Murphy, 'International Law: Cases and Materials' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
The Law Against War
Olivier Corten, 'The Law Against War' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China in a World of Orders - Rethinking Compliance and Challenge in Beijing's International Relations
Alastair Iain Johnston - China in a World of Orders - International Security - 2019
Core article reframing China's compliance and challenge across multiple orders.
China's Maritime Gray Zone Operations
Andrew S Erickson and Ryan D Martinson, 'China's Maritime Gray Zone Operations' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
International Law and the Use of Force
Christine Gray, 'International Law and the Use of Force' (2018).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China's Security Council Engagement - The Impact of Normative and Causal Beliefs
Lisa Macleod - China's Security Council engagement - Global Governance - 2017
Article on Chinese beliefs and UN Security Council engagement.
China's Approach to the Use of Force
Hu Angang, 'China's Approach to the Use of Force' (2017).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
International Law and New Wars
Christine Chinkin and Mary Kaldor, 'International Law and New Wars' (2017).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Beyond Compliance: China International Organizations and Global Security
Ann Kent - Beyond Compliance - 2007
Study of China's behavior in international organizations and security governance.
China, the United Nations and World Order
Samuel S Kim, 'China, the United Nations and World Order' (1979).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Topic section
Global Economic System
124 items · 98 scholarship items · 26 reports and policy sources
China's Pivot on Global AI
Arindrajit Basu - China's Pivot on Global AI - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - 2026
Recent analysis of China's AI diplomacy and global governance agenda.
China's data export regime: an evolutionary trajectory and its practical challenges
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Traces China's outbound data transfer regime through security assessment, standard contracts, certification, and free-trade-zone negative lists, emphasizing legal certainty and interoperability challenges.
Establishing Democracy in Foreign Direct Investment: Opportunities and Limitations of Integrating the Principle of Public Participation in the CAI
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Assesses how public participation, transparency, sustainable development, and amicus mechanisms in the EU-China CAI could affect legitimacy in investment governance.
Institutional layering as (counter-)hegemonic strategy: unpacking China's global development initiative
Jack Taggart Han Cheng and Sebastian Haug - Institutional layering as (counter-)hegemonic strategy - Review of International Political Economy - 2026
Article on the Global Development Initiative as layered order-building within UN-centered frameworks.
China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order in a Multiplex World
Dimitrios Stroikos - China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order - International Affairs - 2026
Article on China Global South cooperation and space as a functional sub-order.
The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - AI Technology Transfer and Technological Advancement in the Global South
Yiyi Chen Zikang Chen and Na Yang - The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - International Affairs - 2026
Article comparing AI technology transfer models and digital sovereignty choices in the Global South.
The return of the states: constitutional dilemmas of state measures to defend national and state security
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Analyzes U.S. state-level measures responding to China-related security concerns and the constitutional boundary between state power and federal foreign affairs authority.
Empire of the Stars-Not Yet - China as a Partial Great Power in Space
Dimitrios Stroikos - Empire of the Stars-Not Yet - The Pacific Review - 2026
Article distinguishing material capability from social authority in space order.
Lender of last resort in China: operating mechanism, legal foundation, and the financial stability implications
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Examines the People's Bank of China's lender-of-last-resort role, legal authority, information asymmetries, moral hazard, and reforms for financial stability.
Observing the State's Role in Property Law: A Chinese Perspective
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Uses Chinese property law to analyze the state as gatekeeper, enabler, coordinator, and regulator within private-law institutions.
Competition and Data Protection in the Digital Economy: A Comparative Analysis of the EU and China
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Compares EU and Chinese approaches to platform competition, personal data protection, extraterritorial influence, and digital sovereignty.
Investment Dispute Resolution in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Institutional Design and Procedural Coordination
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Proposes a multi-tiered SCO investment dispute mechanism combining consultation, mediation, quasi-judicial procedures, and enforcement coordination.
Economic Rationality in PRC Tax Administrative Adjudication: an Analysis Based on a Utility Function
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Uses a utility-function model and tax case data to explain when Chinese courts defer and when they apply stricter scrutiny in tax disputes.
Advancing Decent Work through China's Belt and Road Initiative
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Examines public and private international law pathways for embedding decent-work norms and labour governance within BRI structures.
A comparative study of the China International Commercial Court as a cross-border dispute resolution mechanism
Peking University Law Journal / 2025
Compares the CICC with other cross-border dispute-resolution mechanisms and evaluates its institutional role and limits.
Obligation of Human Rights Due Diligence in the Unilateral Sanctions Environment
Alena F Douhan - Obligation of Human Rights Due Diligence in the Unilateral Sanctions Environment - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2025
Article on human rights due diligence in unilateral sanctions settings.
Beyond Multilateralism - China's International Order Building Through Transnational Policy Forums
Matthew D Stephen - Beyond Multilateralism - The Pacific Review - 2025
Article on informal transnational policy forums as Chinese order-building tools.
Strengthening Legal Standards for Workforce Rights in China's Airline Industry
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2025
Reviews Chinese aviation labour disputes and argues for standalone aviation labour law to address gaps between safety regulation and workers' rights.
China and international justice: a research agenda
Tadhg O Laoghaire - China and international justice: a research agenda - Ethics and International Affairs - 2025
Review article on how China's rise raises questions for theories of international justice and global order.
From Asian-African Solidarity to a Community of Common Destiny - An Evolving Chinese Perspective of the International Legal Order
Bing Bing Jia - From Asian-African Solidarity to a Community of Common Destiny - AJIL Unbound - 2025
Essay linking Bandung principles to Chinese perspectives on international legal order.
The Old Logic Behind China's New Economic Weapons
Viking Bohman Audrye Wong and Victor A Ferguson - The Old Logic Behind China's New Economic Weapons - The Washington Quarterly - 2025
Article on formal and informal sanctions tools in current Chinese economic coercion.
Plurilateral pathways to investment facilitation? China's evolving investment agreement practice
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2025
Positions investment facilitation within China's investment treaty practice and argues that China is likely to pursue a plurilateral WTO-linked pathway.
The Environmental Diplomacy of the Belt and Road Initiative: Going Green to Meet External Expectations
Paulo Afonso B Duarte and others - The Environmental Diplomacy of the Belt and Road Initiative - Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences - 2025
Article on the Green Silk Road as a role-adjustment strategy for China under external pressure.
How Some of China's Top AI Thinkers Built Their Own AI Safety Institute
Scott Singer Karson Elmgren and Oliver Guest - How Some of China's Top AI Thinkers Built Their Own AI Safety Institute - Carnegie Endowment - 2025
Report on the emergence of China's AI Safety and Development Association and its role in global AI governance.
China's Mediation Initiative and Australia
AustChina Institute - China's Mediation Initiative and Australia - 2025
Policy analysis on Australia and the International Organization for Mediation.
Multilateralism a la carte: how China navigates global economic institutions
Eugenia C Heldt Henning Schmidtke and Omar Serrano Oswald - Multilateralism a la carte - Review of International Political Economy - 2025
Article proposing a framework for China's selective engagement with global economic institutions.
Normative Contestation in the International Order
Kal Raustiala - Normative Contestation in the International Order - International Law Studies - 2025
Essay on whether China is remaking global governance.
Challenging the status quo-revisionist power dichotomy: China and the United States in the trade regime
Kristen Hopewell - Challenging the status quo-revisionist power dichotomy - Review of International Political Economy - 2025
Article arguing that WTO conflicts show the limits of the status-quo versus revisionist dichotomy for US-China order debates.
Convergence between and among the Chinese, the EU and Kazakhstan Approaches towards Personal Data Protection against the AI in the Digital Sphere
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Compares China, the EU, and Kazakhstan on AI-related personal data protection and identifies normative turbulence in digital rights regulation.
Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Not - China and Russia's Implementation of Economic Sanctions
Victor A Ferguson - Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Not - Journal of Global Security Studies - 2025
Comparative article on formal and informal sanctions implementation.
China - Balancing the US and Increasing Global Influence
Chatham House - China: Balancing the US and increasing global influence - 2025
Report chapter on China's global initiatives and alternative order claims.
China's Belt and Road Initiative is Not a Novel Approach to International Law-Making
Asian Journal of Law and Society / 2025
Compares BRI soft-law and agreement practice with EU and U.S. approaches, arguing that the Chinese model is pragmatic but not novel.
China's Path to Modernization and Legal Pluralism
Zoppolato and Farah - China's Path to Modernization and Legal Pluralism - Asian Journal of Law and Society - 2025
Article on legal transplants and BRI legal pluralism.
How Functional Will the New Foreign-Related Civil Procedure Rules of China Be: A Perspective Based on Concerns by SEP Stakeholders
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Assesses China’s amended foreign-related civil procedure rules through SEP parallel-litigation concerns, comity, procedural fairness, and forum shopping.
Reconciling Dual Loyalties: Director Duties in State-Invested Companies under China's 2023 Company Law
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Examines how directors of state-invested companies may owe duties to both company and state under China's revised Company Law.
The Annulment of International Arbitral Awards in the Revision of Chinese Arbitration Law
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Traces China’s arbitration-law reform on setting aside international awards and compares draft revisions with UNCITRAL Model Law alignment.
Informal or Formal - China's Two-Tiered Sanctions Policy
Chinese Political Science Review - Informal or Formal - China's Two-Tiered Sanctions Policy - 2025
Article on formal and informal sanctions in China's foreign policy.
The Rare Earth Leverage? China's Export Control Law and Xi Jinping's Thought on Law-Based Governance
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Reads China's rare-earth export controls as legalized strategic statecraft under Xi-era law-based governance rather than ad hoc retaliation.
International Legal Ordering to Achieve International Goals: A Discourse Through the U.S. and China's Foreign Relations Law
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Compares U.S. and Chinese foreign relations law as frameworks for contributing to international legal order and shared global goals.
Warfare by Other Means: China's Economic Lawfare
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Maps China's use of economic legal tools to coerce or weaken adversaries and considers possible future finance-based or Global South-oriented tactics.
Maritime Ambitions: China's Emerging Great Power Identity and Its Strategies in BBNJ Agreement Negotiations
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Examines how China’s great-power identity shaped its negotiation strategies in the biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction agreement process.
Why Veil Piercing Differs: Reassessing Judicial Trends under China's New Company Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Reassesses Chinese veil-piercing practice under the new Company Law and explains why judicial trends differ from other corporate law settings.
China's Extraterritoriality - A New Stage of Lawfare
Institut Montaigne - China's Extraterritoriality - A New Stage of Lawfare - 2024
Issue paper on Chinese extraterritoriality and sanctions-related legal tools.
Chronology of Practice: Chinese Practice in Private International Law in 2023
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2024
Surveys Chinese private international law practice in 2023, including cross-border civil and commercial legal developments.
Navigating Tensions between Authoritarian Governance and Human Rights: Towards a Business and Human Rights Regime within China's Dual-State Context
Xu Kang - Navigating Tensions between Authoritarian Governance and Human Rights - Nordic Journal of Human Rights - 2025
Article on how China's evolving business and human rights regime operates within a dual-state framework.
Toward a Coherent Framework for US-China Tech Competition in the Global South
Peter Engelke and Samantha Wong - Toward a coherent framework for US-China tech competition in the Global South - Atlantic Council - 2024
Strategic memo on technology competition and China's alternative vision in the Global South.
A Critical Appraisal on China's Blocking Statutes
Guiqiang Liu - A Critical Appraisal on China's Blocking Statutes - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article on private actor risks created by China's blocking statutes.
Reimagining Global Economic Governance
Carnegie Endowment - Reimagining Global Economic Governance - 2024
Report on reforming global economic governance amid US-China rivalry.
Two Approaches to Economic Coercion
Jacob Katz Cogan - Two Approaches to Economic Coercion - Yale Journal of International Law - 2024
Essay comparing approaches to economic coercion after concern over Chinese practices.
Effective or Symbolic - A Retrospective Look at the China International Commercial Court
Si Lin - Effective or Symbolic - Asia Pacific Law Review - 2024
Article reviewing the performance of the China International Commercial Court.
China's Diplomacy and International Law
Huikang Huang - China's Diplomacy and International Law - Springer - 2024
Book-length statement of Chinese diplomatic and legal thinking.
Milestone of China's Foreign-Related Legislation
Huang Huikang - Milestone of China's Foreign-Related Legislation - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Review article on the PRC Foreign Relations Law and its stated objectives.
China and the United States and the Future of a Rules-Based International Order
Paul Gewirtz - China and the United States and the future of a rules-based international order - Brookings Institution - 2024
Policy analysis on US-China disagreement over rules-based international order.
China's Guerrilla Strategy in a Fragmenting Global Economy
MERICS - China's guerrilla strategy in a fragmenting global economy - 2024
Report on China's economic strategy under fragmentation and security competition.
A Global South with Chinese Characteristics
Niva Yau - A Global South with Chinese Characteristics - Atlantic Council - 2024
Report on Chinese training programs and governance-model promotion in the Global South.
Chinese Standards From the Ground Up
Miriam Driessen and Ruiyi Zhu - Chinese standards from the ground up - China Information - 2024
Article on China's rise as a global standards power.
Pursuing Global Order in the Twenty-First Century
CSIS - Pursuing Global Order in the Twenty-First Century - 2024
Report on changing global order and the role of rising states.
Expanding China's Influence via Membership - Examining the Influence of Chinese-Led International Institutions on Responses to Human Rights Issues in China
Hyunkyu Kim and Sanghoon Park - Expanding China's Influence via Membership - Journal of Chinese Political Science - 2025
Article on Chinese-led institutions and softer UN human-rights criticism of China.
The Jurisdiction of China International Commercial Court
Journal of Private International Law - The Jurisdiction of China International Commercial Court - 2024
Article on the substance and drawbacks of CICC jurisdiction.
EU-China Relations - De-risking or De-coupling
European Parliament - EU-China relations - De-risking or de-coupling - 2024
Study on EU strategy toward China and de-risking.
Multilateralism and Soft Power Made-in-China: (re)Adjusting Role Conception to Meet International Expectations
Paulo Afonso Brardo Duarte Amit Gupta and Bruna Cristina Delvaje - Multilateralism and Soft Power Made-in-China - East Asia - 2024
Article on Xi-era multilateralism and soft power as complementary strategies for China's role conception.
New International Commercial Courts
Sean David Yates - New International Commercial Courts - Journal of International Dispute Settlement - 2024
Article on international commercial courts and delocalized adjudication.
The Collective Logic of Chinese Hegemonic Order
Amy King - The Collective Logic of Chinese Hegemonic Order - Security Studies - 2024
Exchange essay on Chinese hegemonic order and historical order transition.
The Lawfulness of Unilateral Sanctions in the Wake of a US-China Sanctions War
Joshua Andresen - The Lawfulness of Unilateral Sanctions in the Wake of a US-China Sanctions War - SSRN - 2024
Preprint on sanctions legality and the normalization effects of US-China escalation.
The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law
Ignacio de la Rasilla and Congyan Cai eds - The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law - Cambridge University Press - 2024
Major handbook surveying China's engagement across international law fields.
How China imposes sanctions
MERICS - How China imposes sanctions - 2024
Empirical report on China's actual sanctions practice.
International Investment Law and the Rule of Law - The Case of China
Ming Du - International Investment Law and the Rule of Law - Washington International Law Journal - 2024
Article on international investment law and China's domestic rule of law.
How Is the Belt and Road Initiative Advancing China's Interests?
CSIS ChinaPower Project - How Is the Belt and Road Initiative Advancing China's Interests - accessed 2026
Interactive explainer on BRI and Chinese interests.
Evolution of Intangible Property to Crypto Assets: Legal Pragmatism in Anglo-American Common Law and Chinese Civil Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Compares Anglo-American and Chinese approaches to intangible property and crypto assets through legal pragmatism.
Data Flows and Data Protection in the Greater Bay Area
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Examines data transfer and data protection coordination needs across mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau in the Greater Bay Area.
The Evergrande Story: A Look into Chinese Corporate Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Uses Evergrande to examine Chinese corporate law and the relationship between private enterprises, state influence, and economic governance.
Cross-Border Insolvency Cooperation Between Mainland China and Hong Kong SAR
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2024
Analyzes the 2021 Mainland-Hong Kong insolvency arrangement, its limited use, and options for improving recognition and cooperation.
Liquidated Damages in the New Civil Code of China
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2024
Examines Chinese Civil Code rules on liquidated damages, adjustment mechanisms, delayed performance, and concurrent contractual damages.
Battle between Long and Short Videos: Fragmented Uses, Diversified Purposes, and the Evolution of China's Copyright Limitation Rules in the AI Era
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Uses long-video and short-video copyright disputes to analyze China’s evolving copyright limitations in the AI era.
Intellectual Property Legislation Holism in China
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2023
Argues that China’s IP system has shifted toward legislative holism across creation, implementation, management, services, and protection of IP rights.
Belt and Road Reboot
AidData - Belt and Road Reboot - 2023
Report on shifts in Chinese overseas development finance.
Forum Non Conveniens in China: From Judicial Practice to Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Traces how forum non conveniens moved from Chinese judicial practice into formal law and what that means for cross-border litigation.
The China International Commercial Court
Xiangzhuang Sun - The China International Commercial Court - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article on the origins and development of the CICC.
Foreign Policy Implications for China's Foreign-Related Rule of Law
Matthew Erie - Foreign policy implications for China's foreign-related rule of law - Orbis - 2023
Article on foreign-related rule of law as foreign policy and legal statecraft.
China's Evolving International Economic Engagement - China Threat or a New Pole in an Equitable Multipolar World Order
Michael Dunford and Weidong Liu - China's evolving international economic engagement - Area Development and Policy - 2024
Article on China's trade investment finance and development engagement in multipolar order.
China and the Liberal International Order
Ruonan Liu and Songpo Yang - China and the Liberal International Order - International Affairs - 2023
Article on China's pragmatic and dynamic approach to the liberal international order.
The Geoeconomics of Belt and Road Disputes
Mark McLaughlin - The Geoeconomics of Belt and Road Disputes - Asian Journal of International Law - 2023
Case study of BRI disputes through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.
China and the Logic of Illiberal Hegemony
Darren J Lim and G John Ikenberry - China and the Logic of Illiberal Hegemony - Security Studies - 2023
Article developing a model of Chinese international order.
MERICS China Global Competition Tracker materials
MERICS, 'MERICS China Global Competition Tracker materials' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
CSIS Reconnecting Asia project materials
Center for Strategic and International Studies, 'CSIS Reconnecting Asia project materials' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Rhodium Group research on China economic statecraft
Rhodium Group, 'Rhodium Group research on China economic statecraft' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Chinese Loans to Africa Database
Boston University Global Development Policy Center, 'Chinese Loans to Africa Database' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Special Economic Zones - The Subnational-National-International Nexus in China's Integration With the International Economic Order
Chenxi Wang - Special Economic Zones - Journal of World Trade - 2022
Article on special economic zones and China's international economic integration.
Is the Liberal Order on the Way Out - China's Rise Networks and the Liberal Hegemon
Deborah Welch Larson - Is the liberal order on the way out - International Relations - 2022
IR article on China networks and resilience of liberal order.
China's Contestation of the Liberal International Order
Sung-han Kim and Sanghoon Kim - China's contestation of the liberal international order - The Pacific Review - 2022
Recent article distinguishing domains of Chinese contestation.
China as a Rising Power - Why the Status Quo Matters
Ian Taylor and Zhangxi Cheng - China as a rising power - Third World Quarterly - 2022
IR article on China as a rising power and the status quo.
Brookings research on China and global governance
Brookings Institution, 'Brookings research on China and global governance' (2022).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
ODI research on China and development cooperation
Overseas Development Institute, 'ODI research on China and development cooperation' (2022).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Banking on the Belt and Road
AidData - Banking on the Belt and Road - 29 September 2021
Dataset-based report on Chinese development projects.
Domestic Politics, China's Rise, and the Future of the Liberal International Order
Jessica Chen Weiss and Jeremy L Wallace - Domestic Politics, China's Rise, and the Future of the Liberal International Order - International Organization - 2021
Article on domestic variables shaping China's selective engagement with liberal order.
The Law and Policy of the World Trade Organization
Peter Van den Bossche and Werner Zdouc, 'The Law and Policy of the World Trade Organization' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China's Belt and Road Initiative and International Law
Wang Jiangyu, 'China's Belt and Road Initiative and International Law' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Chinese Law and Development
Matthew S Erie - Chinese Law and Development - 2021
Book on Chinese legal ordering and development beyond China.
Selective Reshaping - China's Paradigm Shift in International Economic Governance
Heng Wang - Selective Reshaping - Journal of International Economic Law - 2020
International economic law article on China's selective institutional reshaping.
Contesting Liberal Internationalism - China's Renegotiation of World Order
Lee Heritage and Mao - Contesting liberal internationalism - Cambridge Review of International Affairs - 2020
IR article on China's renegotiation of world order.
China and International Economic Law
Wang Jiangyu, 'China and International Economic Law' (2020).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China and the Rules-Based Order
Lowy Institute - China and the Rules-Based Order - interactive feature
Analysis on China's approach to the rules-based international order.
Varieties of Contestation - China's Rise and the Liberal Trade Order
Clara Weinhardt and Tobias Ten Brink - Varieties of contestation - Review of International Political Economy - 2019
Political economy article on varieties of Chinese trade-order contestation.
Toward a Geoeconomic Order in International Trade and Investment
Roberts Moraes and Ferguson - Toward a Geoeconomic Order - Journal of International Economic Law - 2019
Article on the move from neoliberal economic order toward geoeconomic ordering.
China in a World of Orders - Rethinking Compliance and Challenge in Beijing's International Relations
Alastair Iain Johnston - China in a World of Orders - International Security - 2019
Core article reframing China's compliance and challenge across multiple orders.
Toward a Geoeconomic Order in International Trade and Investment
Anthea Roberts, Henrique Choer Moraes and Victor Ferguson, 'Toward a Geoeconomic Order in International Trade and Investment' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China's Belt and Road Is Full Of Holes
Jonathan E Hillman - China's Belt and Road Is Full Of Holes - CSIS - 2018
CSIS brief on infrastructure implementation problems.
China's Maritime Silk Road: Strategic and Economic Implications for the Indo-Pacific Region
Michael J Green - China's Maritime Silk Road - CSIS - 2018
Report on the maritime dimension of BRI.
China's Rise: How It Took on the U.S. at the WTO
Gregory Shaffer and Henry Gao, 'China's Rise: How It Took on the U.S. at the WTO' (2018).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China's International Investment Strategy
Julien Chaisse, 'China's International Investment Strategy' (2018).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
US-China Relations and the Liberal World Order - Contending Elites Colliding Visions
Nana de Graaff and Bastiaan van Apeldoorn - US-China relations and the liberal world order - International Affairs - 2018
Article on elite visions behind US-China order conflict.
Chinese Perspectives on the International Rule of Law
Matthieu Burnay - Chinese Perspectives on the International Rule of Law - 2018
Study of Chinese views on the international rule of law.
Canary in the Coal Mine? China, the UNGA, and the Changing World Order
Samuel Brazys and Alexander Dukalskis - Canary in the Coal Mine? China, the UNGA, and the Changing World Order - Review of International Studies - 2017
Empirical article on China UNGA alignment and global norm change.
President Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative
Christopher K Johnson - President Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative - CSIS - 2015
Early CSIS assessment of BRI goals mechanisms and risks.
China's Participation in the WTO
Henry Gao, 'China's Participation in the WTO' (2011).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China and the International Legal System: Challenges of Participation
Pitman B Potter - China and the International Legal System - 2011
Monograph on China's participation in legal institutions.
The International Law on Foreign Investment
M Sornarajah, 'The International Law on Foreign Investment' (2010).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
The Dragon's Gift
Deborah Brautigam, 'The Dragon's Gift' (2009).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Sources and Limits of Chinese Soft Power
Bates Gill and Yanzhong Huang, 'Sources and Limits of Chinese Soft Power' (2009).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Social States: China in International Institutions
Alastair Iain Johnston, 'Social States: China in International Institutions' (2008).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
History and Identity in the Construction of China's Africa Policy
Chris Alden and Ana Cristina Alves, 'History and Identity in the Construction of China's Africa Policy' (2008).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
International Economic Law
Andreas F Lowenfeld, 'International Economic Law' (2008).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
International Institutions Today: An Imperial Global State in the Making
B S Chimni, 'International Institutions Today: An Imperial Global State in the Making' (2004).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
WTO-Plus Obligations and Their Implications for the WTO Legal System
Julia Ya Qin, 'WTO-Plus Obligations and Their Implications for the WTO Legal System' (2003).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Topic section
Sanctions and Anti-sanctions
26 items · 17 scholarship items · 9 reports and policy sources
China's data export regime: an evolutionary trajectory and its practical challenges
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Traces China's outbound data transfer regime through security assessment, standard contracts, certification, and free-trade-zone negative lists, emphasizing legal certainty and interoperability challenges.
The return of the states: constitutional dilemmas of state measures to defend national and state security
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Analyzes U.S. state-level measures responding to China-related security concerns and the constitutional boundary between state power and federal foreign affairs authority.
Obligation of Human Rights Due Diligence in the Unilateral Sanctions Environment
Alena F Douhan - Obligation of Human Rights Due Diligence in the Unilateral Sanctions Environment - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2025
Article on human rights due diligence in unilateral sanctions settings.
The Old Logic Behind China's New Economic Weapons
Viking Bohman Audrye Wong and Victor A Ferguson - The Old Logic Behind China's New Economic Weapons - The Washington Quarterly - 2025
Article on formal and informal sanctions tools in current Chinese economic coercion.
Chinese Lawfare in Conflict - The Threat to US Operations
Crispin Smith - Chinese Lawfare in Conflict - Harvard National Security Journal - 2025
Article on Chinese operational lawfare in potential conflict settings.
China's Foreign-Related Rule of Law: The Evolution of an Idea
Hague Journal on the Rule of Law / 2025
Traces the emergence and evolution of China's foreign-related rule of law as a strategic legal and governance concept.
Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Not - China and Russia's Implementation of Economic Sanctions
Victor A Ferguson - Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Not - Journal of Global Security Studies - 2025
Comparative article on formal and informal sanctions implementation.
Informal or Formal - China's Two-Tiered Sanctions Policy
Chinese Political Science Review - Informal or Formal - China's Two-Tiered Sanctions Policy - 2025
Article on formal and informal sanctions in China's foreign policy.
The Rare Earth Leverage? China's Export Control Law and Xi Jinping's Thought on Law-Based Governance
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Reads China's rare-earth export controls as legalized strategic statecraft under Xi-era law-based governance rather than ad hoc retaliation.
Warfare by Other Means: China's Economic Lawfare
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Maps China's use of economic legal tools to coerce or weaken adversaries and considers possible future finance-based or Global South-oriented tactics.
China's Extraterritoriality - A New Stage of Lawfare
Institut Montaigne - China's Extraterritoriality - A New Stage of Lawfare - 2024
Issue paper on Chinese extraterritoriality and sanctions-related legal tools.
A Critical Appraisal on China's Blocking Statutes
Guiqiang Liu - A Critical Appraisal on China's Blocking Statutes - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article on private actor risks created by China's blocking statutes.
Two Approaches to Economic Coercion
Jacob Katz Cogan - Two Approaches to Economic Coercion - Yale Journal of International Law - 2024
Essay comparing approaches to economic coercion after concern over Chinese practices.
China under siege - How Beijing sees the United States
Yu Jie - China under siege - Chatham House - 2024
Research paper on threat perception and the world-order frame in current Chinese policy thinking.
China-Russia Alignment - A Threat to Europe's Security
Chatham House GMF and MERICS - China-Russia alignment - 2024
Joint report on China-Russia alignment and implications for European security.
China's Guerrilla Strategy in a Fragmenting Global Economy
MERICS - China's guerrilla strategy in a fragmenting global economy - 2024
Report on China's economic strategy under fragmentation and security competition.
EU-China Relations - De-risking or De-coupling
European Parliament - EU-China relations - De-risking or de-coupling - 2024
Study on EU strategy toward China and de-risking.
The Lawfulness of Unilateral Sanctions in the Wake of a US-China Sanctions War
Joshua Andresen - The Lawfulness of Unilateral Sanctions in the Wake of a US-China Sanctions War - SSRN - 2024
Preprint on sanctions legality and the normalization effects of US-China escalation.
How China imposes sanctions
MERICS - How China imposes sanctions - 2024
Empirical report on China's actual sanctions practice.
Foreign Policy Implications for China's Foreign-Related Rule of Law
Matthew Erie - Foreign policy implications for China's foreign-related rule of law - Orbis - 2023
Article on foreign-related rule of law as foreign policy and legal statecraft.
MERICS China Global Competition Tracker materials
MERICS, 'MERICS China Global Competition Tracker materials' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Rhodium Group research on China economic statecraft
Rhodium Group, 'Rhodium Group research on China economic statecraft' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Unilateral Sanctions - Kind and Degree
Sienho Yee - Unilateral Sanctions - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2022
Article analyzing unilateral sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction.
China's Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law - A warning to the world
Helena Legarda and Katja Drinhausen - China's Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law - MERICS - 2021
Short analysis on the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law and implications for foreign actors.
Toward a Geoeconomic Order in International Trade and Investment
Roberts Moraes and Ferguson - Toward a Geoeconomic Order - Journal of International Economic Law - 2019
Article on the move from neoliberal economic order toward geoeconomic ordering.
Toward a Geoeconomic Order in International Trade and Investment
Anthea Roberts, Henrique Choer Moraes and Victor Ferguson, 'Toward a Geoeconomic Order in International Trade and Investment' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Topic section
Belt and Road Initiative
43 items · 31 scholarship items · 12 reports and policy sources
Institutional layering as (counter-)hegemonic strategy: unpacking China's global development initiative
Jack Taggart Han Cheng and Sebastian Haug - Institutional layering as (counter-)hegemonic strategy - Review of International Political Economy - 2026
Article on the Global Development Initiative as layered order-building within UN-centered frameworks.
China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order in a Multiplex World
Dimitrios Stroikos - China, the 'Rise of the Rest' and the Remaking of the International Space Order - International Affairs - 2026
Article on China Global South cooperation and space as a functional sub-order.
The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - AI Technology Transfer and Technological Advancement in the Global South
Yiyi Chen Zikang Chen and Na Yang - The US as 'Leader' and China as 'Collaborator' - International Affairs - 2026
Article comparing AI technology transfer models and digital sovereignty choices in the Global South.
Competition and Data Protection in the Digital Economy: A Comparative Analysis of the EU and China
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Compares EU and Chinese approaches to platform competition, personal data protection, extraterritorial influence, and digital sovereignty.
Investment Dispute Resolution in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Institutional Design and Procedural Coordination
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Proposes a multi-tiered SCO investment dispute mechanism combining consultation, mediation, quasi-judicial procedures, and enforcement coordination.
Advancing Decent Work through China's Belt and Road Initiative
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Examines public and private international law pathways for embedding decent-work norms and labour governance within BRI structures.
A comparative study of the China International Commercial Court as a cross-border dispute resolution mechanism
Peking University Law Journal / 2025
Compares the CICC with other cross-border dispute-resolution mechanisms and evaluates its institutional role and limits.
Beyond Multilateralism - China's International Order Building Through Transnational Policy Forums
Matthew D Stephen - Beyond Multilateralism - The Pacific Review - 2025
Article on informal transnational policy forums as Chinese order-building tools.
Plurilateral pathways to investment facilitation? China's evolving investment agreement practice
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2025
Positions investment facilitation within China's investment treaty practice and argues that China is likely to pursue a plurilateral WTO-linked pathway.
The Environmental Diplomacy of the Belt and Road Initiative: Going Green to Meet External Expectations
Paulo Afonso B Duarte and others - The Environmental Diplomacy of the Belt and Road Initiative - Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences - 2025
Article on the Green Silk Road as a role-adjustment strategy for China under external pressure.
China's Belt and Road Initiative is Not a Novel Approach to International Law-Making
Asian Journal of Law and Society / 2025
Compares BRI soft-law and agreement practice with EU and U.S. approaches, arguing that the Chinese model is pragmatic but not novel.
China's Path to Modernization and Legal Pluralism
Zoppolato and Farah - China's Path to Modernization and Legal Pluralism - Asian Journal of Law and Society - 2025
Article on legal transplants and BRI legal pluralism.
Toward a Coherent Framework for US-China Tech Competition in the Global South
Peter Engelke and Samantha Wong - Toward a coherent framework for US-China tech competition in the Global South - Atlantic Council - 2024
Strategic memo on technology competition and China's alternative vision in the Global South.
Effective or Symbolic - A Retrospective Look at the China International Commercial Court
Si Lin - Effective or Symbolic - Asia Pacific Law Review - 2024
Article reviewing the performance of the China International Commercial Court.
A Global South with Chinese Characteristics
Niva Yau - A Global South with Chinese Characteristics - Atlantic Council - 2024
Report on Chinese training programs and governance-model promotion in the Global South.
Chinese Standards From the Ground Up
Miriam Driessen and Ruiyi Zhu - Chinese standards from the ground up - China Information - 2024
Article on China's rise as a global standards power.
The Jurisdiction of China International Commercial Court
Journal of Private International Law - The Jurisdiction of China International Commercial Court - 2024
Article on the substance and drawbacks of CICC jurisdiction.
New International Commercial Courts
Sean David Yates - New International Commercial Courts - Journal of International Dispute Settlement - 2024
Article on international commercial courts and delocalized adjudication.
How Is the Belt and Road Initiative Advancing China's Interests?
CSIS ChinaPower Project - How Is the Belt and Road Initiative Advancing China's Interests - accessed 2026
Interactive explainer on BRI and Chinese interests.
China's Do-as-I-do Paradigm - Practice-based Normative Diplomacy in the Global South
Jeremy Garlick and Fangxing Qin - China's do-as-I-do paradigm - The Pacific Review - 2023
Recent article on China-led norm diffusion in the Global South.
Belt and Road Reboot
AidData - Belt and Road Reboot - 2023
Report on shifts in Chinese overseas development finance.
The China International Commercial Court
Xiangzhuang Sun - The China International Commercial Court - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article on the origins and development of the CICC.
China's Evolving International Economic Engagement - China Threat or a New Pole in an Equitable Multipolar World Order
Michael Dunford and Weidong Liu - China's evolving international economic engagement - Area Development and Policy - 2024
Article on China's trade investment finance and development engagement in multipolar order.
The Geoeconomics of Belt and Road Disputes
Mark McLaughlin - The Geoeconomics of Belt and Road Disputes - Asian Journal of International Law - 2023
Case study of BRI disputes through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.
Southeast Asia Amid Sino-US Competition - Power Shift and Regional Order Transition
Wen Zha - Southeast Asia amid Sino-US competition - Chinese Journal of International Politics - 2023
Regional order article on Southeast Asia amid Sino-US competition.
CSIS Reconnecting Asia project materials
Center for Strategic and International Studies, 'CSIS Reconnecting Asia project materials' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Chinese Loans to Africa Database
Boston University Global Development Policy Center, 'Chinese Loans to Africa Database' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
ODI research on China and development cooperation
Overseas Development Institute, 'ODI research on China and development cooperation' (2022).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Banking on the Belt and Road
AidData - Banking on the Belt and Road - 29 September 2021
Dataset-based report on Chinese development projects.
The Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for the International Order
Moritz Rudolf, 'The Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for the International Order' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China's Belt and Road Initiative and International Law
Wang Jiangyu, 'China's Belt and Road Initiative and International Law' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Council on Foreign Relations materials on Belt and Road
Council on Foreign Relations, 'Council on Foreign Relations materials on Belt and Road' (2021).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
Chinese Law and Development
Matthew S Erie - Chinese Law and Development - 2021
Book on Chinese legal ordering and development beyond China.
Selective Reshaping - China's Paradigm Shift in International Economic Governance
Heng Wang - Selective Reshaping - Journal of International Economic Law - 2020
International economic law article on China's selective institutional reshaping.
The Belt and Road Initiative and the Law of International Development
Matthew S Erie, 'The Belt and Road Initiative and the Law of International Development' (2020).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Understanding China's Belt and Road Initiative
Lee Jones and Jinghan Zeng, 'Understanding China's Belt and Road Initiative' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China's Belt and Road Is Full Of Holes
Jonathan E Hillman - China's Belt and Road Is Full Of Holes - CSIS - 2018
CSIS brief on infrastructure implementation problems.
China's Maritime Silk Road: Strategic and Economic Implications for the Indo-Pacific Region
Michael J Green - China's Maritime Silk Road - CSIS - 2018
Report on the maritime dimension of BRI.
China's International Investment Strategy
Julien Chaisse, 'China's International Investment Strategy' (2018).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
President Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative
Christopher K Johnson - President Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative - CSIS - 2015
Early CSIS assessment of BRI goals mechanisms and risks.
The International Law on Foreign Investment
M Sornarajah, 'The International Law on Foreign Investment' (2010).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
The Dragon's Gift
Deborah Brautigam, 'The Dragon's Gift' (2009).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
History and Identity in the Construction of China's Africa Policy
Chris Alden and Ana Cristina Alves, 'History and Identity in the Construction of China's Africa Policy' (2008).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Topic section
Dispute Settlement
62 items · 56 scholarship items · 6 reports and policy sources
Establishing Democracy in Foreign Direct Investment: Opportunities and Limitations of Integrating the Principle of Public Participation in the CAI
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Assesses how public participation, transparency, sustainable development, and amicus mechanisms in the EU-China CAI could affect legitimacy in investment governance.
International Law as a Driver of Confrontation? UNCLOS and China's Policy in the South China Sea
European Journal of International Law / 2026
Shows how China's internalization of UNCLOS concepts helped create incentives for later maritime rights assertion and confrontation in the South China Sea.
The Taiwan Constitutional Court's Evolving Engagement with International Law
Asian Journal of International Law / 2026
Develops a typology for Taiwan Constitutional Court citations to international law and shows movement toward deeper rights-based engagement.
International Law in Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal: An Apex Court Operating in the Shadow of Beijing
Asian Journal of International Law / 2026
Studies Hong Kong's final appellate court as it works with international law while operating under Basic Law interpretation and Beijing's constitutional shadow.
Investment Dispute Resolution in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Institutional Design and Procedural Coordination
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Proposes a multi-tiered SCO investment dispute mechanism combining consultation, mediation, quasi-judicial procedures, and enforcement coordination.
Economic Rationality in PRC Tax Administrative Adjudication: an Analysis Based on a Utility Function
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Uses a utility-function model and tax case data to explain when Chinese courts defer and when they apply stricter scrutiny in tax disputes.
A comparative study of the China International Commercial Court as a cross-border dispute resolution mechanism
Peking University Law Journal / 2025
Compares the CICC with other cross-border dispute-resolution mechanisms and evaluates its institutional role and limits.
Plurilateral pathways to investment facilitation? China's evolving investment agreement practice
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2025
Positions investment facilitation within China's investment treaty practice and argues that China is likely to pursue a plurilateral WTO-linked pathway.
Article 2 of the Hong Kong National Security Law and the prohibition of abuse of fundamental rights
Xiaoshan Zhang - Article 2 of the Hong Kong National Security Law and the prohibition of abuse of fundamental rights - Asia Pacific Law Review - 2025
Article on rights review and constitutional change under the HKNSL.
The Purpose and Promise of China's International Organization for Mediation
Brookings Institution - The purpose and promise of China's International Organization for Mediation - 2025
Analysis of China's new mediation organization and its possible role.
China's Mediation Initiative and Australia
AustChina Institute - China's Mediation Initiative and Australia - 2025
Policy analysis on Australia and the International Organization for Mediation.
Chronology of Practice: Chinese Practice in Public International Law in 2022
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2025
Surveys Chinese public international law practice in 2022 across treaties, legislation, official statements, international organizations, and judicial decisions.
China's Foreign-Related Rule of Law: The Evolution of an Idea
Hague Journal on the Rule of Law / 2025
Traces the emergence and evolution of China's foreign-related rule of law as a strategic legal and governance concept.
Challenging the status quo-revisionist power dichotomy: China and the United States in the trade regime
Kristen Hopewell - Challenging the status quo-revisionist power dichotomy - Review of International Political Economy - 2025
Article arguing that WTO conflicts show the limits of the status-quo versus revisionist dichotomy for US-China order debates.
The Dual Tales of Moralizing Courts: Examining Party-Related Moralizing Keywords in Civil Judgments
Columbia Journal of Asian Law / 2025
Analyzes moralizing and Party-sanctioned keywords in Chinese civil judgments to explain both top-down political signals and bottom-up judicial legitimation.
China's Path to Modernization and Legal Pluralism
Zoppolato and Farah - China's Path to Modernization and Legal Pluralism - Asian Journal of Law and Society - 2025
Article on legal transplants and BRI legal pluralism.
How Functional Will the New Foreign-Related Civil Procedure Rules of China Be: A Perspective Based on Concerns by SEP Stakeholders
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Assesses China’s amended foreign-related civil procedure rules through SEP parallel-litigation concerns, comity, procedural fairness, and forum shopping.
The Annulment of International Arbitral Awards in the Revision of Chinese Arbitration Law
Tsinghua China Law Review / 2025
Traces China’s arbitration-law reform on setting aside international awards and compares draft revisions with UNCITRAL Model Law alignment.
The Party's Court or the Court for the Parties: An Empirical Assessment of the Fifth Judicial Reform in China
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Uses frontline judge perspectives to evaluate the Fifth Judicial Reform, finding progress in service delivery but continuing Party-judiciary entanglement.
Why Veil Piercing Differs: Reassessing Judicial Trends under China's New Company Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2025
Reassesses Chinese veil-piercing practice under the new Company Law and explains why judicial trends differ from other corporate law settings.
Chronology of Practice: Chinese Practice in Private International Law in 2023
Chinese Journal of International Law / 2024
Surveys Chinese private international law practice in 2023, including cross-border civil and commercial legal developments.
Peacetime Maritime Law Enforcement by Warships
Deyi Ma and Yanlin Zhou - Peacetime Maritime Law Enforcement by Warships - Journal on the Use of Force and International Law - 2024
Article on the evolving legal scope of maritime law enforcement by warships in peacetime.
A Critical Appraisal on China's Blocking Statutes
Guiqiang Liu - A Critical Appraisal on China's Blocking Statutes - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article on private actor risks created by China's blocking statutes.
Effective or Symbolic - A Retrospective Look at the China International Commercial Court
Si Lin - Effective or Symbolic - Asia Pacific Law Review - 2024
Article reviewing the performance of the China International Commercial Court.
Responding to a More Coercive Chinese Coast Guard and a Potential PRC Quarantine of Taiwan
Christopher B Johnstone and Bonny Lin - Responding to a More Coercive Chinese Coast Guard and a Potential PRC Quarantine of Taiwan - CSIS - 2024
CSIS analysis of quarantine scenarios and the legal framing of coast guard coercion.
China's Foreign State Immunity Law
William S Dodge - China's Foreign State Immunity Law - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article introducing China's restrictive foreign state immunity law to English language readers.
The Jurisdiction of China International Commercial Court
Journal of Private International Law - The Jurisdiction of China International Commercial Court - 2024
Article on the substance and drawbacks of CICC jurisdiction.
Reading China's Global Security Initiative Through an International Legal Lens
Ka Lok Yip - Reading China's Global Security Initiative Through an International Legal Lens - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article assessing the Global Security Initiative through international law themes.
Authoritarian legality with Chinese characteristics
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2024
Examines the distinctive Chinese configuration of authoritarian legality and its implications for legal institutions and governance.
Varieties of authoritarian legality
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2024
Introduces varieties of authoritarian legality as a comparative frame for understanding legal institutions under authoritarian governance.
New International Commercial Courts
Sean David Yates - New International Commercial Courts - Journal of International Dispute Settlement - 2024
Article on international commercial courts and delocalized adjudication.
The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law
Ignacio de la Rasilla and Congyan Cai eds - The Cambridge Handbook of China and International Law - Cambridge University Press - 2024
Major handbook surveying China's engagement across international law fields.
International Investment Law and the Rule of Law - The Case of China
Ming Du - International Investment Law and the Rule of Law - Washington International Law Journal - 2024
Article on international investment law and China's domestic rule of law.
The Evergrande Story: A Look into Chinese Corporate Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Uses Evergrande to examine Chinese corporate law and the relationship between private enterprises, state influence, and economic governance.
Do Judges in China Follow Wrongly Decided Precedents?
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Empirically studies whether Chinese judges follow wrongly decided precedents and what that reveals about precedent-like authority in China.
Cross-Border Insolvency Cooperation Between Mainland China and Hong Kong SAR
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2024
Analyzes the 2021 Mainland-Hong Kong insolvency arrangement, its limited use, and options for improving recognition and cooperation.
Liquidated Damages in the New Civil Code of China
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2024
Examines Chinese Civil Code rules on liquidated damages, adjustment mechanisms, delayed performance, and concurrent contractual damages.
Battle between Long and Short Videos: Fragmented Uses, Diversified Purposes, and the Evolution of China's Copyright Limitation Rules in the AI Era
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2024
Uses long-video and short-video copyright disputes to analyze China’s evolving copyright limitations in the AI era.
International Institutions as Forms and Fora - Rao Geping and the Law of International Organizations in China
Yifeng Chen - International Institutions as Forms and Fora - European Journal of International Law - 2023
Article on Chinese international organizations law scholarship and institutional concepts.
Forum Non Conveniens in China: From Judicial Practice to Law
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Traces how forum non conveniens moved from Chinese judicial practice into formal law and what that means for cross-border litigation.
On the International Law-Based International Order
Cai Congyan - On the International Law-Based International Order - Social Sciences in China - 2023
Article contrasting international law-based order with rules-based order discourse.
The China International Commercial Court
Xiangzhuang Sun - The China International Commercial Court - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article on the origins and development of the CICC.
Loss of a Loved One: An Empirical Study of Pain and Suffering Awards in Wrongful Death Cases in China
Chinese Journal of Comparative Law / 2023
Empirically studies Chinese wrongful death awards for pain and suffering and what they reveal about judicial valuation of loss.
The Geoeconomics of Belt and Road Disputes
Mark McLaughlin - The Geoeconomics of Belt and Road Disputes - Asian Journal of International Law - 2023
Case study of BRI disputes through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.
China's Law of the Sea: The New Rules of Maritime Order
Isaac B Kardon - China's Law of the Sea: The New Rules of Maritime Order - Yale University Press - 2023
Book on China's bid to shape law of the sea rules and regional maritime order.
China's Lawfare Strategy
Elizabeth Van Wie Davis, 'China's Lawfare Strategy' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
The Law and Policy of the World Trade Organization
Peter Van den Bossche and Werner Zdouc, 'The Law and Policy of the World Trade Organization' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
The Changing Legal Orders in Hong Kong and China
Albert H Y Chen, 'The Changing Legal Orders in Hong Kong and China' (2021).
Launch bibliography item for legal change under one country, two systems.
Chinese Law and Development
Matthew S Erie - Chinese Law and Development - 2021
Book on Chinese legal ordering and development beyond China.
China's National Security - Endangering Hong Kong's Rule of Law?
Cora Chan and Fiona de Londras eds - China's National Security - Endangering Hong Kong's Rule of Law? - Hart Publishing - 2020
Edited volume on Hong Kong national security and constitutional order.
The Belt and Road Initiative and the Law of International Development
Matthew S Erie, 'The Belt and Road Initiative and the Law of International Development' (2020).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Authoritarian International Law?
Tom Ginsburg, 'Authoritarian International Law?' (2020).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
ASIL materials on China and international law
American Society of International Law, 'ASIL materials on China and international law' (2020).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.
The Rise of China and International Law
Cai Congyan, 'The Rise of China and International Law' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China's Rise: How It Took on the U.S. at the WTO
Gregory Shaffer and Henry Gao, 'China's Rise: How It Took on the U.S. at the WTO' (2018).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
International law with Chinese characteristics - Beijing and the rules-based global order
Robert D Williams - International law with Chinese characteristics - Brookings Institution - 2017
Foundational think tank overview of China's approach across major international law fields.
China's Evolving Approach to International Dispute Settlement
Harriet Moynihan - China's Evolving Approach to International Dispute Settlement - Chatham House - 2017
Briefing paper on Chinese choices among courts arbitration and diplomacy.
The South China Sea Arbitration: A Chinese Perspective
Robert Beckman and Tara Davenport, 'The South China Sea Arbitration: A Chinese Perspective' (2017).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
The South China Sea Arbitration and China's Position
Zhang Haiwen, 'The South China Sea Arbitration and China's Position' (2016).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
Introduction to the Hong Kong Basic Law
Danny Gittings, 'Introduction to the Hong Kong Basic Law' (2016).
Launch bibliography item for Hong Kong Basic Law and autonomy research.
China's Participation in the WTO
Henry Gao, 'China's Participation in the WTO' (2011).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
China and the International Legal System: Challenges of Participation
Pitman B Potter - China and the International Legal System - 2011
Monograph on China's participation in legal institutions.