Economic security law
Countermeasures, blocking rules, export controls, foreign sanctions, extraterritoriality, and economic coercion.
China's anti-sanctions lawmaking translates objections to unilateral coercion and extraterritorial jurisdiction into domestic legal tools, creating a bridge between sovereignty discourse and economic security governance.
中华人民共和国反外国制裁法
National law authorizing countermeasures against foreign sanctions.
Essential for studying how China domesticates responses to unilateral sanctions.
Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law of the People's Republic of China (adopted 10 June 2021).
阻断外国法律与措施不当域外适用办法
Chinese blocking rules responding to foreign extraterritorial measures.
Core source for China's legal response to sanctions and extraterritorial jurisdiction.
MOFCOM, 'Rules on Counteracting Unjustified Extra-territorial Application of Foreign Legislation and Other Measures' (9 January 2021).
中华人民共和国出口管制法
Framework law for export controls and related national security measures.
Part of the legal architecture for economic security and countermeasure capacity.
Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China (adopted 17 October 2020).
Shows operational use of sanctions countermeasures alongside new domestic legislation.
Shows operational use of sanctions countermeasures alongside new domestic legislation.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'China announces countermeasures against foreign sanctions' (2021-03-22).
关于中美经贸磋商的中方立场
White paper on the US-China trade conflict and negotiations.
Connects trade law, unilateral measures, and China's rhetoric of mutual respect.
State Council Information Office, 'China's Position on the China-US Economic and Trade Consultations' (2 June 2019).
Trade conflict becomes central to China's critique of unilateralism.
National security becomes a central controversy in the legal meaning of one country, two systems.
Economic security law becomes more systematic.
China creates blocking mechanisms for foreign extraterritorial measures.
Counter-sanctions become statutory.
15 items
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Traces China's outbound data transfer regime through security assessment, standard contracts, certification, and free-trade-zone negative lists, emphasizing legal certainty and interoperability challenges.
Asia Pacific Law Review / 2026
Analyzes U.S. state-level measures responding to China-related security concerns and the constitutional boundary between state power and federal foreign affairs authority.
Alena F Douhan - Obligation of Human Rights Due Diligence in the Unilateral Sanctions Environment - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2025
Article on human rights due diligence in unilateral sanctions settings.
Viking Bohman Audrye Wong and Victor A Ferguson - The Old Logic Behind China's New Economic Weapons - The Washington Quarterly - 2025
Article on formal and informal sanctions tools in current Chinese economic coercion.
Hague Journal on the Rule of Law / 2025
Traces the emergence and evolution of China's foreign-related rule of law as a strategic legal and governance concept.
Victor A Ferguson - Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Not - Journal of Global Security Studies - 2025
Comparative article on formal and informal sanctions implementation.
Chinese Political Science Review - Informal or Formal - China's Two-Tiered Sanctions Policy - 2025
Article on formal and informal sanctions in China's foreign policy.
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Reads China's rare-earth export controls as legalized strategic statecraft under Xi-era law-based governance rather than ad hoc retaliation.
University of Pennsylvania Asian Law Review / 2025
Maps China's use of economic legal tools to coerce or weaken adversaries and considers possible future finance-based or Global South-oriented tactics.
Guiqiang Liu - A Critical Appraisal on China's Blocking Statutes - Chinese Journal of Transnational Law - 2024
Article on private actor risks created by China's blocking statutes.
Jacob Katz Cogan - Two Approaches to Economic Coercion - Yale Journal of International Law - 2024
Essay comparing approaches to economic coercion after concern over Chinese practices.
Joshua Andresen - The Lawfulness of Unilateral Sanctions in the Wake of a US-China Sanctions War - SSRN - 2024
Preprint on sanctions legality and the normalization effects of US-China escalation.
Matthew Erie - Foreign policy implications for China's foreign-related rule of law - Orbis - 2023
Article on foreign-related rule of law as foreign policy and legal statecraft.
Sienho Yee - Unilateral Sanctions - Chinese Journal of International Law - 2022
Article analyzing unilateral sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction.
Anthea Roberts, Henrique Choer Moraes and Victor Ferguson, 'Toward a Geoeconomic Order in International Trade and Investment' (2019).
Launch bibliography item for scholarly review and expansion.
5 items
Institut Montaigne - China's Extraterritoriality - A New Stage of Lawfare - 2024
Issue paper on Chinese extraterritoriality and sanctions-related legal tools.
Yu Jie - China under siege - Chatham House - 2024
Research paper on threat perception and the world-order frame in current Chinese policy thinking.
European Parliament - EU-China relations - De-risking or de-coupling - 2024
Study on EU strategy toward China and de-risking.
MERICS - How China imposes sanctions - 2024
Empirical report on China's actual sanctions practice.
Helena Legarda and Katja Drinhausen - China's Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law - MERICS - 2021
Short analysis on the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law and implications for foreign actors.
1 items
MERICS, 'MERICS China Global Competition Tracker materials' (2023).
Think tank source included for report tracking and later item-level expansion.